I met my friend at her hotel. It was her first time in Vietnam and she had just arrived a few hours ago. Everything for her was new and exciting. It was hot, so different from the cold Scottish winter she had left behind. She held my hand tightly as we crossed Tran Hung Dao, she looked very scared as hundreds of motorbikes drove all around us. Even when we reached the pavement on the other side it seemed like we were not safe.  It looked like it was used for everything but walking. Stalls were selling food and decorations for Tet and people were sitting eating and drinking from pavement cafes, with others riding bicycles and motorbikes in between.

Further down the road we reached Bien Duong restaurant and found a table. My friend looked at the tiny plastic tables and chairs, so different from the ones for the fat Scottish people back home. I managed to order beers for us in my very bad Vietnamese and then we took a look at the menu. Some of it was in English but the translation was so bad I didn’t know what the dishes were. After looking at the pictures I chose some Tom (prawns) and Heo (pork) with vegetables. Both were delicious and we had a great time drinking beer and talking about family and friends. It was great sitting on the pavement seeing the life of the city although the pollution from all the motorbikes and cars wasn’t very nice. My friend also  looking at all the strange sights that you would never be able to see back in Scotland. 5 people on a motorbike, ice in the beer, even sitting on the street eating food.  It was a fun night but the beer and long flight was making my friend feel sleepy so we said goodbye. She went to find her hotel and I to find a motorbike taxi to take me home.

The other thing that I’ve been contemplating is all this bollocks about the impending Armageddon. I mean come on my calendar of picturesque Scottish castles runs out on December 31st, but its not the end of the world. I’ll just pop down the news agents and get another one, mind you it will probably be around March by the time I get round to doing so. So people have been getting their knickers in a twist about utter nonsense, stockpiling food and building bunkers and yet the actual threat to human civilisation – climate and ecological catastrophe – which is real and will start playing out in the next few decades, hardly merits a mention. Crazy or what.

So now that you’ve probably already broken most of your New Year resolutions you might consider making a new one and keeping it. Why not resolve to do something about the biggest challenge that humanity has ever faced. Perhaps you could resolve to arm yourself with the knowledge so you can have the conversation about climate change with the ones you love, or maybe join your local climate group. You could write to your MP or newspaper, chain yourself to a power station, support a green energy project in your community. Whatever floats your boat. Now normally would come the appeal to do it for your grandchildren or perhaps your children but the predictions are now becoming so dire that human civilisation will likely start to unravel within most of your lifetimes.  The droughts, floods and fires that have ravished the globe this past year will soon become the new norm, food production will plummet and millions will likely starve and millions more will desperately try to escape the suffering. The world is so interconnected that no country will remain unaffected – and if you happen to be in Australia you will be particularly f*@&*^d, (or India or China or the US in fact the list is pretty big).  If you don’t fancy an old age plagued by natural disasters, wars and civil unrest it’s time for all of us to get off our arses and sort this shit out.

Oh yer and have a great 2013.

Ironically motorbikes and scooters have been banned from parts of central Beijing because they are dangerous. But its not the two wheeled vehicles that are dangerous, it’s the cars that crash into them. Of course cars aren’t even an effective means of getting around. Huge swaths of Beijing have been given over to serve their insatiable demand for space. Everywhere you go you are confronted with huge roads filled with snarling traffic. Most of them have fences erected along them so you can’t even think about crossing them. Even the supposed peoples square Tiananmen is surrounded on all sides by 6 lanes of traffic and  fences. The forbidden palace is very aptly named because you certainly can’t walk across the road to get there.  Walking round Beijing is like being in a huge prison. Fenced in with your movements strictly controlled, constrained by the availability of a bridge or underpass in order to get to the other side. Our chicken who had a hard time in Russia would be severely fucked in China. If the traffic didn’t get him then a moments pause or hesitations and he would be plucked within seconds, and his various body parts swiftly transformed into delicious delicacies and his feet cooked, wrapped in plastic and sent to the station waiting room for some weary traveller to chew on during their journey. Yet despite all this space for cars the traffic in Beijing is appalling  and it takes hours to get anywhere.  In fact sometimes it can take days. Back in 2010 a 100 km traffic jam developed  on the motorway outside the city that lasted for almost 2 weeks, trapping some drivers for 5 days.  But they keep on building more roads and buying the cars to fill them up. Last Spring Festival the government in its wisdom decided to waive the tolls on the expressways. As a result they immediately filled with cars . My friend told me that many people spent much of the holiday stuck in traffic, spent a couple of hours at their destination then turned around and went through the whole frustrating exercise again to get home.

And not only is the traffic terrible so is the driving. It’s like everyone has just learned to drive. Which in a sense they have. Barely 20 years ago everyone got around on bicycles and bullock carts, even as recently as 2001 China only had 1/5 as many cars as the USA despite having almost  5 times the population.  And people still drive as if they are on 2 wheels as opposed to 4 except at high speed with their hands never far from the horn. They conduct crazy manoeuvres across multiple lanes of traffic, never use their indicators and never let other drivers in or give way especially at pedestrian crossings where they usually speed up and scare off anyone foolhardy enough to attempt to use one. Parking doesn’t seem to be a skill that’s included in the driving test as people pretty much abandon their vehicles wherever they fancy  and that rarely involves any attempt to pull off the road often causing chaos in the process. But its the junctions that the real mayhem occurs. The Chinese don’t do queues. In shops, at the supermarket, getting on the bus a scrum forms and those with the loudest voice and/or sharpest elbows go first. Even at the train station where metal barriers have been formed in an attempt to get people to stand one behind the other, someone, invariably a middle aged man will march up to the front and get served. The same is true on the roads. As soon as a line begins to form at the traffic lights, cars will begin to creep round into the right turn lane (which doesn’t have to stop for the lights) blocking it and if the left turn lane isn’t busy they will do the same there. Then when the lights change you have 5 lanes of traffic trying to squeeze into 2 all at once with nobody giving way so of course it takes much longer than if there were just 2 lines. Then once that has begun to disentangle itself the left turn queue jumpers sneak round and start blocking one of the straight ahead lanes. Finally just as the lights begins to change everyone surges forward even if the road ahead is jammed completely blocking the intersection. Often a traffic policeman has to be installed at every major intersection to prevent everything descending into gridlock.

So Beijing largely seems to consist of endless roads connecting a series of shopping malls and offices with endless apartment buildings.  One of the consequences of creating a city so unfriendly to people that it forces them underground is that it creates lots of useable below ground. Of course what do you do with free space in China? Fill them with shops of course. So now you can go shopping whilst crossing the road to get between malls. Not that you’d particularly want to visit the malls anyway, by and large things are more expensive than you would find at home. Such is the fascination with brand and image and the status that it confers within Chinese society many people will happily pay 5 or 6 months salary for a bag. So of course the “premium” brands are more than happy to take advantage of this characteristic adding a hefty premium to the prices they charge in Europe.

After dodging the traffic and the malls the places I went to weren’t particularly impressive either. I had already been to the Forbidden Palace, Great Wall and Summer Palace last time I was here so didn’t particularly see the need to visit them again. I met up with a friend who took me to see a 2,000 year old street, but it had been rebuilt a few years ago and looked brand new with Starbucks and McDonalds built in to the shiny clean buildings and the shops were filled with tourist tat and expensive looking snacks. Everywhere in China  I went it was the same, at least in the cities. All the history had been demolished to make way for offices, apartments and highway. If the Cultural Revolution didn’t get it then the steady march of capitalism did. Then as if an afterthought a small area is rebuilt as some sort of perverse Disney like facsimile of the past and filled with loudly attired and talking visitors from the provinces happily taking photos of “ancient” buildings that were actually only built a year or two ago.

Then we went to one of the old hutongs streets. This one had been done up too, but it seemed more tastefully with shops stuffed with the latest fashions and crazes. It was filled with young Beijingers as apposed to tourists from elsewhere in China and was a lot more fun. The latest craze was for young women to wear fluffy cats ears pinned into their hair, which I have to say made them look even cuter than they were already.  We grabbed an unbelievable spicy soup and I tried to figure out ways of attaching fluffy cats ears to my hairless scalp, much to the disapproval of my companion.

If I felt cold about Beijing my first impressions of Shanghai were positively baltic. Glitzy, superficial, shiny and utterly soulless. It seemed like a temple to the accumulation of and conspicuous spending of shitloads of money. It didn’t help that I was staying in Pudong a brand new and rather wealthy area filled with apartment complexes and roads and utterly devoid of any character. My hosts were lovely, a young woman and her parents, and couldn’t have been more welcoming  and went out of their way to make my stay a pleasant one. There house was very desirable , one whole floor of an apartment complex which had its own private gardens ringed with a high fence but I found the whole set up rather sterile. The gate to the complex could only be activated with a security card, which had to be used again to get access to the building and then to operate the lift which was programmed only to stop at the floor for that particular card. So no popping into the neighbours to borrow a cup of sugar, you can’t even get to their front door. My host proudly informed me that Shanghai had the lowest crime rate in the whole of China, which doesn’t have that much crime anyway. Which begs the question what were all those security arrangements there for? Largely symbolic I suppose rather than for any form of protection. “look at me plebs” they seem to be saying.

I arrived into Shanghai on the new high speed rail link. I must say it was very impressive, covering the 1300 km in a little over 4 and a half hours reaching speeds of up to 300 k/ph. Although if I was strictly following the rationale of this trip I would have taken the slow train. Actually as I have discussed in a previous post high speed rail is not particularly environmentally friendly. It uses huge amounts of energy to power it and the construction requires large amounts of concrete and energy both of which have high emissions. But of course that is of little concern to the Chinese government which is rolling out a high speed rail network across the country. Everywhere you go it seems like there is another project with the pillars for half constructed bridges running across the landscape like some sort of anthropocene Stonehenge. Except this time its not nature that is being worshiped. However I didn’t see much on this journey as I was in the first row of seats in the carriage which in typical Chinese utilitarian style had no windows so I spent the journey staring at the blank walls. For some reason they decided to build the new Shanghai railways station by the airport which defeats one of the main advantages high speed rail has over air travel, namely that it takes you into the heart of the city. So I then spent over an hour on the metro travelling to my destination. So on my 1340km journey almost a fifth of the time was spent travelling the last 30km or so. Crazy

My first port of call was the bund which features some lavish turn of the 19th century buildings built by some of Britain’s wealthiest and powerful companies to show off their wealth and power. It looks out over the “new Bund” across the river which features some lavish turn of the 20th century buildings built by some of China’s  wealthiest and powerful companies to show off their wealth and power. I must say I was more impressed with the older buildings, they seemed just a bit more understated and classy and frankly a bit more stylish than big fuck off edifices of steel and glass.  Although it was night when I visited and both sides were lit up so it did look rather attractive. The majesty of the neo-classical architecture bathed in a yellow halo on one side and the gaudy lights on the towers across the river. I joined the throngs on the river bank happily taking snaps of the vista.

Chinese people say that Shanghai is an international city, which is true but only in that homogenised internationalism of globalised capitalism. Yes it has stacks of foreign restaurants, but so does every major city anywhere in the world and frankly they all look the same, serve the same unimaginative food and are utterly devoid of any soul or character. And that’s about as far as Shanghai’s internationalism extends unlike say Singapore with its Chinatown and Little India which do actually feel Chinese or Indian. Shanghai does have lots of foreigners too but again it seemed to me that most were rather soulless money seekers working for western multinationals living in their gated communities and on the whole failing to engage with the local culture.  Although I’m probably just being a judgemental snob.

But then as I delved a little deeper into the city my attitude to the city began to thaw a little mainly due to some interesting experiences and encounters I had. The first of these was a Halloween party that my host invited me to. It was held in an interesting space in an old office block in the city centre. Appropriately it was on the forth floor – the number in Chinese is very similar to the word for death which is why 4 is considered to be unlucky – and had been decked out with some ghoulish decorations. We looked the part as my host had managed to borrow some costumes from some of the American expats who’s apartments she managed. She was a witch and her friend and I were vampires for the evening. The DJ was spinning some appropriately themed music and there was a nice mix of locals and expats. I had a great evening getting to know some of them and pulling some suitably scary moves on the dance floor.

The evening had been organised by a friend my host had met at English class. He had introduced her to couchsurfing and we ran into him again at the Shanghai couchsurfing gathering a couple of evenings later.  As is usual with such events it had attracted a number of nice and interesting seeming people. Unfortunately I didn’t get to meet many of them because I was stuck in a corner next to one of those older men who thinks they are very wise, but isn’t actually wise enough to listen to other people or engage them in conversation. He had certainly led an eventful life and was interesting up to a point, but there is only so much of someone prattling on about how wonderful they are that I can take.  When they did manage to get a word in edgeways the others around me seemed like cool people. Earlier in the day my host had taken me on a bit of a tour of the city. My favourite part was the Longhua Temple which was like an oasis of calm within the bustle of the city. It was like a maze too, within a tardis. Every corner there was a little alley or path leading through to another temple, or little lake or stream. It was lovely and even though there were a fair number of visitors because of all the nooks and crannies it didn’t feel crowded.

In between these experiences I popped for a day trip to the city of Hangzhou and the famous West Lake. People kept banging on about it when I said I was going to visit, saying how famous it was throughout China. Clearly I must be spoilt when it comes to lakes having grown up in Scotland next to a very pretty loch and a couple of hours drive from the Lake District, because, well it was just a lake. I mean don’t get me wrong it was attractive enough. There were a couple of temples but not very impressive ones. There were some hills in the background, but not very impressive ones, certainly not when compared to those further west.  On the opposite side to the hills the city had been constructed right up to the shore. It was rather attractive especially when you consider how badly other Chinese cities blend into the landscape. The rest of the city was pleasant enough too, the drivers were incredibly courteous when compared to those in Beijing and Shanghai – they actually gave way at zebra crossings and let other drivers in . We enjoyed some delicious dumplings and a bit of peace and quiet by the lake and after dinner I hopped on a high speed train for the hour long trip back to Shanghai. Of course it actually took me longer to get back to my hosts place from the station.

A couple of days later I popped over to visit the site of the Shanghai Expo from 2010. Its funny how your knowledge and understanding of things are coloured by the cultural lens you view them through. I had barely heard of the Shanghai expo, but the Chinese I met considered it almost on a par with the Beijing Olympics in terms of importance. The Chinese state is very adept at using national pride to deflect attention from the fact that that they are a bunch of corrupt, hypocritical, authoritarian bastard so they hype events like these hysterically.  I found the site both very impressive and depressing. A huge part of the former industrial area on the banks of the Yangtze had been cleaned up and converted into parks, recreation areas and pavilions for the expo. A huge amount of effort and resources had been devoted into constructing some pretty impressive buildings which were only used for six months and were now mostly sitting abandoned. It seemed such a waste. Sure one of the huge pavilion areas was being converted into a shopping mall – just what Shanghai needs -  but that’s not much of a legacy. The striking China pavilion had been converted into an art gallery, and very impressively for China was free. However as you would expect from such a bureaucratic country you still need a ticket to get in and enterprising individuals were trying to sell them at the exit from the subway station. Luckily my hosts mother had warned me about them so I didn’t fall for their trick. The space was amazing, the art less so, largely consisting of propaganda pieces. Although I have a soft spot for images of heroic workers and peasants, the style didn’t seem to have changed in 50 years. It seemed like the art had become as bureaucratic as the rest of the society, a kind of formulaic painting by numbers which was supposed to convey the might of the party and nation but ended up conveying how stultifying, drab and boring the party’s control of creativity had become. Nothing inspiring anyway, nothing like the art that is being created elsewhere in the country and attracting the attention of the government. Because creativity in any form is the enemy of authoritarianism. I made my way to the ground floor and left. The dudes were still outside trying to sell the free tickets as I went passed.

The Shanghai museum was much better though. Its free too and its the perfect size not too small and not too big. Some of the museums that I have visited on this trip seemed tried to try and fill themselves with as many exhibits as possible just for the sake of it. The Shanghai museum doesn’t, every object is worth admiring, seeming to reflect some aspect of Chinas long and fascinating history. The ceramic exhibition for example has a few choice pieces from each style and dynasty. The exhibits are thoughtfully labelled and in English that makes sense. I spent a very enjoyable couple of hours there and nobody tried to sell me a free ticket.

The final experience and perhaps most influential in my warming to Shanghai was also through couchsurfing.  As I was staying in the city for a week I didn’t want to overstay my welcome at one place so I had arranged another host for the rest of my visit. I was sad to leave to leave my first hosts as they had looked after me so well. The mother is particular did what mothers everywhere are so proficient at doing and spoiled me rotten, making sure I was feed and watered and taken care of.  Even though she couldn’t speak any English we managed to communicate through sign language whenever my host was out at work. The whole family drove me to the station to see me off. My next host was working so I explored the city during the day and then went to find him after he had finished, making the mistake of passing through Peoples Square metro station with my baggage at 6pm. It is the busiest subway station in Shanghai and must be one of the busiest in the world. At the busiest time of the day, the throngs of people were so great as I tried to change lines that I could hardly move. It was as if we were a viscous liquid rather than individual human entities as we flowed very slowly to the platform queuing down the stars. And yet it all seemed to work every minute a new train arrived and more of the crowd poured in and filled it. It didn’t take me long to get out of there, but I’d hate to have to do it every day. I guess sitting in your little metal box stuck on the expressway for hours is probably preferable to battling through that crush and standing on the train for an hour. Although of course there are much better solutions – building workplaces nearer to where people live, increasing working from home and reducing working hours so that start times can be varied which ensures not everyone is travelling at the same time.

My next couch was quite a contrast to the sterile poshness of Pudong. It was situated in the old French concession in an older apartment block which although much smaller had far more character. It also seemed to have more of a community – a group of locals had gathered outside the shop and were smoking, playing Chinese chess and chewing the fat in the way that older Chinese people seem so adept at. My host was also extremely interesting too. He was an urban designer and was full of interesting insights into the history and the form of the city. He took me on a fascinating tour of his local area, pointing out some of the architectural delights from the colonial era. A young colleague of his joined us for the day. She had only recently moved to Shanghai from Guangdong and so she was experiencing many of the sights for the first time too. We popped into a very cute cafe in an old sagging wooden house which had once been an annex to the German Consuls residence. It was full of fascinating memorabilia from its history with letters on the walls and interesting objects scattered round. It was nice to find a space like that, because it seems they are few and far between in Shanghai. We also visited one of the parks created along the Yangtze for the Expo. It was a lovely space, although it was a shame to see it so little used. I guess that will change as more people move into the apartment blocks that are springing up all around. It seems like the Expo did a good job at moving out some of the old polluting heavy industries from the centre of the city as whole factories were closed down and relocated to places where there noxious fumes will be less offensive to Shanghais wealthy citizens.

Our next port of call was one of the few remaining traditional Chinese areas. It was full of small older houses narrow streets and bustling with life. In short it was a typical Asian street scene and I loved it. More and more of these areas are being demolished and making way for boring but infinitely more comfortable apartment complexes and you can understand why. The streets are narrow and difficult to negotiate, the houses are old with tiny rooms and most have no toilets or water necessitating trips to the dunny and tap at the end of the alley. But its also a shame because the place has so much character. I’m sure it would be possible to renovate the area but its far more profitable to knock it all down and build bland apartment blocks instead.  We wandered around, having a nosey into the homes and shops. There was a bewildering array of things for sale, unlike in many other places were shops selling the same kind of stuff tend to concentrate together. A pet shop was right next to a toy shop, then a hairdressers and next a grocers and a veggie shop, then just round the corner one of the most famous restaurants in Shanghai and not far from that a shop selling booze from large earthenware jars. Ever keen to try local specialities Our final destination was the market area of Tianzifang. My friends described it as an artists area but it was more art by numbers rather than anything particularly creative . It was filled with the same arty twee stuff you can find across China shops with communist propaganda art, and twee craft books and those cute little bars with lots of wood and a carefully prepared rustic look. There were a few original features such as the bar called more than toilet where the seats were toilets and the cocktails came served in miniature urinals, but there was something distinctly unappealing about sipping a drink from something so intimately associated with bodily fluids it so we didn’t go in. It was a fun place, full of local youngsters and tourists so we grabbed a couple of beers at a bar round the corner. We sheltered under canvas as rain began to fall and laughed at the poor souls scurrying past trying to get out of the rain. Then once it had stopped we made a break for the metro. Thinking I would appreciate the walk after a few beers I decided to get out at the station that was further from my hosts but avoided changing trains. Of course it was absolutely pissing it down when I emerged, and I mean pissing it down, waterfalls were pouring down the station walls and the streets were quickly turning into rivers. I quickly backtracked into the station and bought another ticket to travel to the closer station, only to discover that the train I had been on was the last one that day – of course only after I had already used my ticket to go through the barriers. I returned to the scene of the tempest and re-evaluated my options, every man and his dog seemed to be trying to flag down the few passing taxis which all seemed to be full anyway. I wasn’t wearing a jacket and didn’t have an umbrella so the only option was to leg it. Within a couple of minutes  I was soaked, but it wasn’t to cold and I hadn’t run for ages so my exertions were warming me up. About halfway to my hosts I passed an inviting looking bar with the Premier league showing on a big screen. I was sorely tempted, but thought it wasn’t such a good idea in my soaked through state. I should have done because that was the only glimpse of a football match I was to get for over a month. And that was it for Shanghai. I was actually sad to go, but I don’t think I’d like to live there.

Next stop was Wuhan a large city on the banks of the Yangtze about 300km from Shanghai. Actually its really 3 separate cities which grew up through trade on the river and then grew so large they merged together. By this time I discovered that I didn’t really like Chinese cities. It’s not that they’re particularly unpleasant, its just that they’re not that pleasant either. As you may have gathered I don’t like cars and Chinese cities are full of them. I don’t like shopping malls either and there’s lots of them too. Of course they are all essentially the same shiny monuments to consumption so in Wuhan in a bid to try and differentiate itself one of the malls was built in “Spanish” style. It looked very weird but you can kind of imagine it as huge hacienda if haciendas where made from poured concrete and covered a few thousand square metres. There were even some plastic bulls a la Pamplona roaming the calles and some plastic Andalucía type people doing some kind of flamenco thing around the fountain. I do like history, but there’s not much of that left. Despite Wuhan being an ancient trading centre there’s actually only 2 streets with any historical buildings all the rest have been demolished. I also like culture, but that seemed to be in short supply too.

After reading this you may be under the impression that I hadn’t been enjoying China thus far, but that couldn’t be further from the truth. Those of you who know me will be all to aware that I like a good whinge and I’ve certainly been indulging that trait now. Actually I’d been having a great time. I’d met some wonderful people, eaten some amazing food, enjoyed some fabulous hospitality and enjoyed some great experiences. But it was definitely time to get out of the city and what better place to do that than the mountains of Hunan province.

Apparently the train ride from Russia into Mongolia is very beautiful. I am unable to confirm that as I spent 9 of the day light hours of the 30 hour journey at be border. What little I did manage to see was indeed beautiful as was the small part of the country that I was able to explore afterwards

Its a pretty crazy journey. I had elected to take the local train because although there is a faster train which gets in about the same time and takes 7 hours less it leaves at 4 in morning. Thinking I would rather be fast asleep on the train at that time I chose the slower option. Although Irkutsk and Ulaanbaatar are only 521km apart the train takes a rather circuitous route around lake Baikal and through Undan Udee, travelling a total of 1113 km. Still 30 hours seems like a rather excessive time to travel 1000 km which works out at only 37 km/h – that’s not much faster than a bicycle. Although as I mentioned earlier much of the time was spent fannying around at the border. The actual border formalities were actually completed reasonably quickly and we seemed to spend much of the time sitting there not doing much. Although we set off with a number of carriages only the single coach that we were in actually crossed the border.

The coach was mainly filled with foreigners and I was sharing my compartment with some young Swedish guys which was actually quite nice as they were the first travellers I had spoken to since I said farewell to Michael in Estonia over 3 weeks previously. There were also some English people on the train, and it was a pleasant change not having to think about the linguistic and cultural minefield you have to negotiate when conversing with someone who isn’t a native speaker. The time passed pretty quickly I popped out at one of the stations and stocked up on beer and my compartment buddies taught me some Swedish card games and a Chinese one.

There’s always a point on a long train journey when you think it will never end but then suddenly you wake up and the two nights and a day have disappeared. We rolled into Ulaanbaatar just after 6am, bang on time. It seems like Russian trains, Mongolian trains are very punctual, but that seems to be a consequence of their slowness rather than any great efficiency. Still the trains always seem to get you in at a reasonably convenient time. They seem to be timed to arrive in major cities along the route at around 6 or 7 am so perhaps there is no point in speed if it means you’ll arrive at an inconvenient time. It was still a little early to be heading to my couchsurfing hosts so I hung around the station for a while then headed out into the frigid morning (it was around -6C) to try and find a mobile phone SIM card as my Russian one wasn’t working. But it appears that Mongolians seem to have a sensible attitude to mornings. Despite the waiting room being packed with waiting passengers none of the shops there was open wouldn’t be for another couple of hours according to the information desk. It turned out non in the surrounding area were open either. So I killed some more time and then caught a taxi. The cheeky bastard tried to drop me at the wrong place – but the GPS on my phone soon put him to rights – and then winged after I talked to long on his phone to alert my host to my arrival.

And what hosts they were. I know I’ve met some totally amazing people through couch surfing but these girls are up with the best. A couple of American Peace Corp volunteers, they had been in Mongolia for more than 2 years, and had array of knowledge of and contacts within the country. I stayed with them for a total of 6 nights on 3 different occasions and gained valuable insight and advice, had lots of laughs and great experiences. Cheers. You guys rock. The amazing hospitality started the moment I arrived. They were getting ready to head out to work but still gave me a warm welcome, gave me some suggestions of what to do. Gave me a set of keys and went to work.

Ulaanbaatar has a bit of a wild west feel to it. There’s a bit of a gold rush going on in Mongolia as foreigner companies and their workers pour into the country to take advantage of the abundant mineral resources. So the centre is filled with gleaming skyscrapers and equally gleaming cars, but as you move away from the centre the character begins to change. The roads are potholed and the pavements are cracked and away from the manicured areas in the centre often give way to dusty earth. On all sides the city is ringed with the dwellings of the many rural poor who have flooded into the city attracted by the bright lights and comparative wealth. Many still live in gers, the round felt tent things that have provided shelter for Mongolians on the steppes for hundreds of years. While they provide a cheap housing option they are heated with fires, usually by burning coal, which when combined with fumes from the horrendous traffic and the coal fired power stations situated within the city mean that the pollution is horrendous. The city is surrounded on all sides by mountains. In winter when the fires burn fiercest to combat bone chilling temperatures as low as -40 and the freezing still air collects in the hollow the city is blanketed in smog for weeks on end.

But when I was there, the sun was shinning and the air relatively clear. After over a week of pretty hectic travelling with only a minor interlude in Tomsk it was nice to be able to chill out and explore UB as it is ubiquitously known – well among expats and travellers and English speaking Mongolians anyway. I probably spent a bit long fannying around really and perhaps could have seen more of the countryside but what the heck I needed the relaxation time and anyway it was getting cold so the countryside was not so conducive to chilling out. Anyway I got to experience and learn about some of the history of Mongolia. My first port of call was to Zaigan a monument to the heroic soviet red army situated on a hill on the outskirts of town. On the steep steps up to the summit I encountered members of the Mongolian Rugby team training by carrying each other to the top. They looked pretty hard so I smiled politely and nodded. I would have said hello if I could have, but Mongolian is one of the craziest languages I’ve ever heard. It sounds like someone with a lisp who is trying to hack up an enormous lump of phlegm whilst speaking a combination of Chinese and Russian. I found even the simplest of phrases impossible to get my head around. I always try to learn at least how to say hello, thank you and please in the local language for every country I go to, but I have to say Mongolian defeated me. The sculpture at the top was pretty impressive a large obelisk surrounded by a huge ring decorated with carvings celebrating the achievements of the red army. There was also a fantastic view over the city from the brand new towers in the centre, to the posh serviced apartments being constructed below and then across the narrow sprawling city to the ger districts.

After descending I called into the winter palace a rather decaying residence for some king or other, and I’m not sure why it was the winter palace because it was bloody freezing. Still you could appreciate its former glory and there were some pretty nice artefacts and paintings. A few days later I visited the Mongolian History museum, and it seems like not much has happened in Mongolia since the 14th century when Chingis Khan set out an conquered much of Asia. His descendants carried on his conquests and at its height the Mongol empire stretched from Korea to what is now Bulgaria. The largest contiguous empire the world has ever known. A pretty impressive feat for a bunch of nomadic herders. Recent DNA research proposes that 8 % of males in a large part of Asia and some European regions are direct descendants of Chingis Khan!!! So it seems like he got about a bit in both senses of the phrase. It seems that the Mongolians ruled pretty fairly and relatively compassionately at least over those who did what they were told and didn’t resist being subjugated. With some pretty sensible laws. For example take the following “Whoever takes goods on credit and becomes bankrupt, then takes goods and becomes bankrupt, then takes goods and yet again becomes bankrupt, is to be put to death after the third time”. Which to my mind would be quite a useful rule today. It certainly might serve to focus the minds of the bankers who’s greed and stupidity has served to fuck up the world economy so successfully. The earlier inhabitants also had a significant impact on their neighbours with first the Turks and the Uyghurs creating their own kingdoms and then empires as they spread outwards. But it seems the glory days of the last Mongol empire have faded away long ago and there was barely a mention of the few hundred years up to the turn of the 20th century. I guess being occupied by the Chinese is nothing to crow about. But the second communist revolution ever certainly is. So the next big mention was the events of 1920 which saw the Mongolian Communist party with the help of the Russian Red Army see off the Chinese and introduce the Mongolian People’s republic. And for nearly a century Mongolia shared a very close relationship with their northern neighbour. Mongolian is written in Cyrillic – indeed the communist party had an impressive record on literacy, turning a largely illiterate society into a 95% literate one within a generation. Floods of Russian investment and knowhow poured into the country building factories, mines and power stations. To this day a significant Russian community exists within Mongolia. Other customs and habits followed, including a preladiction for vodka which still dominates many social events and activities. Alcohol is a significant problem within Mongolian society and my couch surfing hosts described the debauchery during the holiday season with inebriated bodies littering the streets and fights breaking out on the smallest pretext.

Just down the road I called in a the museum of art which clearly doesn’t see many visitors. I was followed round the exhibits by staff member who switched on and off the lights as I went passed. It was a shame that there was so few visitors because the collection was reasonably impressive and well displayed, but I guess people don’t come to Mongolia for the art. They come for the impressive scenery which can be found pretty much everywhere but Ulaanbaatar . It was time to get out there and see it for myself.

First stop was Gorkhi Terelj national park, which due to its proximity to UB is used as a getaway by city residents seeking some respite from the pollution and chaos. My friend wanted me to experience life in a ger but we certainly weren’t going to be roughing it. It was on the cusp of winter so many resorts had closed for the reason and the only one that answered my call was one of the most expensive. Oh what the heck, may as well do it in style. It was dark when we arrived so we missed all the scenery on the way in. But sometimes its nice to be surprised when you wake in the morning. We were welcomed by a roaring fire that had been burning in the stove for some time. So it was actually sweltering inside even though frost was already forming outside and I stripped down to my t-shirt. I was actually surprised by how spacious it was inside. It could have comfortably slept four. We were told to leave the door unlocked for the dude to come in an stoke our fire throughout the night. How good is that, but what a shit job he has spending the whole night building fires for lazy pricks who can’t even be bothered to move a few metres to put a log or two on the fire. It was also pretty hard to regulate the temperature in bed. As the fire died down the freezing air seeped in from outside causing you to snuggle deep into the thick duvet. Then the fire starter dude would come in and work his magic and you’d wake up covered in sweat and throw off the covers only to come to a few hours later shivering to repeat the all process all over again. God only knows what it must be like in the depths of winter when there’s no magic fireman and it’s -40C outside.

Next morning after a leisurely start to the day, with breakfast in bed courtesy of my very kind companion I summoned up the energy to poke my head out of the door. It’s a beautiful day with bright sunshine casting a delightful light over the scene. And it’s gorgeous. We are in a lovely valley, grassy for the most part except for the rocky peaks and larch trees on the steeper sections. Already the grass has faded to a drab brown first by the harsh sun of summer and then by the coming cold of winter. Right then it had a harsh beauty to it, but it must be magical when the new life of spring adds a vibrancy to it. We spent a lovely day wandering through the valley, seeking shapes among the weird and wonderful rock formations, exploring the empty resorts and taking lots of photo’s. We scaled one of the smaller peaks and admired the view across into a neighbouring valley.

The place we were staying at was pretty posh, at least by Mongolian standards. According to my friend some of the other guests worked for Mongolian TV and the car park was full of Mercedes SUVs. We were basically paying western prices for everything. I bought some crispy fried meaty pancakes for $20 which would cost less than $1 in a standard Mongolian restaurant. When you are back home and you pay a premium for something you expect to get something a bit extra even if that is only wanky pretentious shit. Like exquisite service, or a crisp napkin or truffle oil. Here there didn’t seem to be the case, you didn’t get anything extra it was just fucking expensive just because, well just because it was expensive. The surroundings were pretty ordinary. In the restaurant just a tiled floor and some wooden picnic style benches and the service was average at best. Yet they were charging $100 for a bottle of vodka. It seemed to me the ultimate illustration that fancy shit is exactly that, fancy and shit. Someone is playing on peoples snobbery and their desire to appear superior and laughing all the way to the bank. The ultimate in the emperors new clothes. There’s nothing really there. That’s why all this boutique shit pisses me off. A boutique is a small French clothing shop. A small hotel that charges shit loads because its got a bit of fancy decor and some soft sheets is not a fucking small French clothing shop it’s just a con. Then there’s boutique offices. There not boutique either they’re just small offices with a few fancy plants thrown in and maybe a sculpture of a sheep’s head – I kid you not actually seen. And don’t get me started on boutique breweries. It’s only fucking beer. Wankers.

That night it snowed and we awoke to an even more beautiful vista. I poked my head out of the ger to see the whole valley covered in a dusting of white. Misty clouds were pouring down into the valley from the mountains above, like dry ice swirly around the flares of a 70s glam rock band. Unlike the aforementioned band it was magical. After breakfast we scaled the nearest high point scrunching through the thin powder of snow to an even more beautiful view.

So my introduction to Mongolian living was nice but very sanitised. However my next stay in a ger was the real deal. Out in the middle of nowhere, with a herder family with horses and yaks and shit. My great hosts in UB had a peace corp. mate out in Tsetserleg about 7 hours west of the capital. I hopped on the only bus of the day at 8 am and was soon trundling through the gorgeous if rather bleak countryside with a bus full of assorted passengers. Young women, beautifully attired with perfect make up, gnarled old men with skin burnished a deep mahogany and ingrained with deep lines from a lifetime in the stark Mongolian sun. Round faced women cooing over bouncing babies. It was interesting to note that all the women had pictures of their children or grandchildren as wallpaper on their phones while the men had pictures of horses. We paused for lunch at a tiny dusty hamlet which was just a string of half a dozen restaurants arranged along one side of the road. The toilet seemed to be the verge on the other side of the highway. Surprisingly there was another foreigner in town who of course was from Sydney and was coincidently booked on the same train as me to Beijing – in fact the next compartment, and I even bumped into him in a park in Beijing a few days after we arrived. Small world an all that. Except having traversed half of it I can attest to the fact that it’s not actually that small at all.

The Lonely Planet describes Tsetserleg as the most attractive Aimeg (provincial capital) in Mongolia. I reflected on this as I stood waiting for Tim the Peace Corp dude on the rutted patch of dust where the buses stop. Clearly the other places must be extremely ugly because the town was just a collection of small and rather ramshackle buildings and a few more ugly apartment buildings from when the Russians were in town. The location was however rather more pleasing on the eye with rocky mountains surrounding the settlements on all sides. Tim arrived shortly and showed me to only hostel in town. At his suggestion the guest house managed to hook me up with a local family to stay for the night. They had recently moved to the winter grazing grounds which were a fair distance from town so it took a fair while for him to arrive. About an hour later a tall thin dude with a broad grin rocked up on a motorbike. He was dressed in traditional attire of a long blue jacket, fastened with a belt around the waist. He looked doubtfully at my thin travelling trousers and walking shoes and explained through the receptionist I should put some warm clothes on because it was going to be a cold ride. I put on all the layers I had, including two jackets and my newly purchased long johns. He was eager to head off so I jumped on the back, he gunned the engine and we sped off into the fading light of the evening.

What a ride it was. It was breathtaking. The scenery of course, but mainly the speed at which we were flying down the dirt road. Dusk was falling and he wanted to cover as much of the 30km plus journey in daylight as he could so he wasn’t hanging about. The track consisted mainly of loose gravel and larger stones, and we weren’t wearing helmets, so any slight misjudgement would have been very serious indeed and I’m pretty sure my insurance policy didn’t cover me for helmetless off road motor biking in Mongolia. It really was a white knuckle ride because I had to cling on pretty hard to stay on the bouncing bucking bike. The first part of the ride I spent staring at the road ahead, pointlessly watching out for any upcoming hazards because there was nothing I could do to avoid them. Eventually I was able to relax enough to take heed of the scenery we were passing through and it was stunning. The sun was setting off to one side so the sky was lit up all orange and pink, highlighting even further the desolate beauty of the landscape of hills. The slopes were carpeted with grass and the summits and steeper sections dotted with conifers. Occasionally we would pass through a herd of sheep and cattle gathered around a half a dozen gers, but for the most part the landscape was devoid of life. The road was like a deep scar through the hills. As it got more rutted and difficult to pass drivers would seek out a more comfortable route causing the scar to widen.

The light was falling fast and within half an hour of riding had faded altogether. Although he was now driving through complete darkness illuminated by the rather dim lights from his Chinese made motorbike my driver barely moderated his speed. I guess he was on familiar territory as we neared his home so he knew the road ahead. But it was still rather unnerving to be zooming into the unknown at a fair rate of knots. At last as the cold was beginning to bite deeply into my bones the sweet smell of wood wafted into my nostrils. Instead of speeding past the small collection of gers as we had on numerous previous occasions – much to my disappointment – we turned in and came to a halt at the home at the end. I eased my aching butt off the seat and was invited into the welcoming warmth of their ger.

The stove was burning fiercely so I began shedding my layers as soon as I arrived. And I was welcomed with warm smiles firstly by his wife and then by their young daughter who had the rosiest cheeks I’ve ever seen. I have to say she took a bit of a shine to me – well at least one Mongolian girl did even if she was only 3!!! A steaming mug of milk tea was thrust into my hand and then the wife grabbed a bowl, and began filling it with handfuls of cream which had been sitting festering away in bowls on a cabinet. There was a thick skin of congealed yellowness on the top and even the stuff at the bottom was thick and gloopy. The husband grabbed a loaf of bread and began cutting huge door stop sized slices. He grabbed one, took a huge spoonful of cream and slathered on a layer of cholesterol filled ooze that was so thick it might have proven daunting even for my brother in law – a noted lover of clotted cream. He was soon tucking into it with relish and motioned for me to do the same. I took a rather smaller spoon full and gingerly spread a thin layer and took a bite. It was actually surprisingly tasty, but unbelievably rich. I was starving though so helped myself to a second artery clogging piece.

If you’d been lactose intolerant you would have pretty shafted there because milk featured in all the meals I ate. That evening the wife prepared noodles. Kneading the dough, then rolling it out and cutting it into strips it was cooked with meat and the left over milk tea and was surprisingly delicious. Breakfast was sour cream again. I excitedly tucked into the rice I was served for lunch, thinking it would be a break from the dairy products. Alas no, it had been cooked in milk too, so that it tasted rather like rice pudding – with lamb. Even the booze was milky – fermented horse milk!!! The only food that I was offered that didn’t contain milk was the bowl of offal that was kept under the bed. It was passed around and the recipient poked around for a bit, picked up a choice morsel, a heart or spleen or whatever, hacked off some slices and passed it round. I politely declined when it was my turn given it was impossible to determine exactly how long it had been sitting under the bed.

Nobody in the family spoke a word of English, and I’ve already described my failed attempts at trying to get my tongue around Mongolian, so communication was interesting. We managed to convey our names and ages, but anything deeper was impossible. But there was a lot of smiles and laughter, lots of smiles in fact. The whole family always seemed to have broad grins on their faces. And I had some fun and games with their daughter, pretty much everything I did was accompanied by lots of giggles. It was a pretty comfortable set up. It was reasonably spacious and everything was arranged around the stove which took up the centre of the room with a metal chimney exiting through the centre of the roof. There was a fair bit of furniture, a couple of beds a kitchen cabinet with pots and pans and a row of jars with cream festering away in them. They even had a sink with a mirror which drained into a bucket in the cupboard below. In one corner was a brightly painted chest with a row of candles used for worshiping the ancestors. Next to the candles was a flat screen TV, perhaps the 21st century form of worship. Much of the woodwork was brightly painted in greens, blues and yellows which lent a cheery aspect to the surroundings and it was illuminated by battery powered lights which were charged by a solar panel outside. I guess their lifestyle had a pretty low environmental impact. They had few possessions, and there was just a couple of small bags of extra clothes under one of the beds. All their daughters toys seemed very well loved. Apart from some flour, vegetables and petrol they provided everything else for themselves. Although looking around the landscape it did seem to be suffering the ravages of overgrazing, so perhaps it wasn’t really an environmental idyll after all.

Later when it was time for sleep, I formed a bed in the corner from some carpet. I was grateful of the sleeping bag my host in UB had lent me because as soon as the fire burnt down the temperature inside began to drop. Wrapped up in my snug parcel with a couple of extra blankets for good measure I spent a very comfortable night.

I was expecting being woken at the crack of dawn as the family rose to milk their animals, but actually they got up around when I would get up normally anyway. Then when the task was over they returned back to the warm tent to chill out and have breakfast. Indeed it seemed like a remarkably laid back way of life. Nothing was too hurried. A task was completed and then they would return to the ger for some tea and a gossip, and maybe a snack. Perhaps a neighbour would pop by for a chat and a bit of offal. It seemed totally like my style of life, although perhaps I wouldn’t be thinking that when its -40 outside and there’s a dozen yak and horses to be milked.

After breakfast they put me to work. Firstly shovelling frozen shit from around the camp and animal pens. It was pretty easy going apart from the odd stubborn turd that had frozen to the ground which had to be prised off the repeated stabs of the shovel. We soon had the yard looking spotless and a big pile of shit in the back of his pickup. Then after a break for more tea and chats we went off to get some logs for the fire. We had to drive a fair old distance because it appeared that most of the suitable trees near the camp had already been plundered. He spent some time selecting a suitable place, driving off the track up the valley side until we reached a stand of trees at the top. It was high and north facing so the ground was covered in snow from an earlier fall that had melted elsewhere. We got out of the truck and he started tapping all the dead trees with the back of an axe to determine which ones were still sound in the centre. I think the dead ones were chosen because they were nice and dry for burning rather than any environmental concern to preserve those still living, but I could be wrong. Then the felling began, first one then another, and another went crashing to the snow covered ground. And they weren’t exactly small either . As the volume of felled would built up I was becoming concerned about the amount of energy I would be expending over the next short while, especially as the only activity even approaching hard labour I’d completed in the past 14 months was helping my parents in their garden. Given they’re both the other side of 75 such activities usually involve as much tea drinking as they do actually work so I was beginning to get a little worried. At last we finished felling and he deftly began sawing them up into sections. Sections which were just about able to be lifted by two people well by a flabby mollycoddled westerner who’d drunk too much beer and his accomplice. Not only was I required to lift large lumps of wood but I was also required to push the truck when it got bogged down in the snow. Even with snow chains fitted it was still sliding crazily around as the driver tried to squeeze it backwards through a narrow gap between the trees. One of the wing mirrors took a battering as did the side of the vehicle, but we made it in the end. By the time the flatbed was filled to the top with great bits of tree I was absolutely shattered and the muscles in my arms were screaming silently in protest. My smiling friend seemed to be smiling even more broadly than usual, as if to say ha well that’s another soft foreigner broken then. It seemed like a pretty good deal for him as well. Getting a days labour out of me and getting paid for my stay as well.

There was just in time for one last milky meal and then it was to head back to civilisation. Except it wasn’t even particularly civilised. Unfortunately the hostel was fully booked that night so I was stuck with the hotel next door. My guide book was certainly right when it said it had seen better days and that was written more than 5 years ago. Clearly things hadn’t got any better. The bed was hard and the walls stained. The drains stank, so the stench of shit wafted into the room whenever you opened the toilet door. Its the one and only time I’ve ever taken a dump and actually improved the aroma. One of the doors was missing from the shower cubicle so lukewarm water sprayed all over the floor and the toilet when ever you took a frigid shower. I consoled myself with the thought that I had arranged to meet up with Tim that night so at least I would enjoy a decent conversation after spending the last 24 hours using strange noises and sign language to communicate. But I missed his phone call and then due to the vagaries of the Mongolian phone network was unable to connect with him again that evening. So I sat in the pub on my own drinking beer. I couldn’t even bring myself to try and negotiate the Mongolian menu because the waitress didn’t speak English and I didn’t have a phrase book. Google doesn’t even bother with Mongolian so I couldn’t use that either. I contemplated ordering something at random but decided it was safer just to stick with beer. And so passed my second last night in Mongolia.

Luckily my final night in Mongolia was much more pleasant . I took my hosts out for lovely Mongolian meal and a couple of beers to wash it down. Then it was back to their place and a sleep before I was up at the crack of dawn to catch my train to Beijing. My carriage again was largely composed of western travellers and it was fun to share some of their stories. There was a couple heading to Singapore to start a new life, another couple heading to Australia and Aussie kid I’d bumped into in that tiny villages. I have to say compared to the rest of the country it wasn’t a particularly scenic ride. My hosts told me that over half the population lives in UB of the rest half live along the train line to China. So the journey seemed to consist of a series of dusty little settlement, and the odd coal mine surrounded by a sea of rather flat featureless semi desert. It wasn’t exactly ugly but I was glad I’d taken the time to explore some of the rest of the country.

Lithuanian’s have to be the most miserable looking bunch of people I have ever met. Their faces are like masks. Not a flicker of emotion or acknowledgement registers on them when you smile at them on the street. And it doesn’t even get any better in a restaurant or shop. No warm and effusive welcome or expression of gratitude for your custom it almost seems like your imposing on them.  The usual explanation for such reserve is the long dark winters, but Scandinavians have a similar climate and compared to Lithuanians Swedish people are like Spaniards on crack.  I suspect several centuries of being occupied first by the Poles, then the Russians a few brief years of independence and then the Germans before the Russians came back again is not likely to make you too cheerful. And things do seem to be changing the younger generation especially those that have travelled do seem at least capable of breaking into a smile when you smile at them. But for now the majority are stony faced. Even accustomed as I am to Anglo Saxon reserve it came as a bit of a surprise.  Michael who was used to Australian cheeriness seemed to take it as a personal affront every time he was met with an emotionless visage. Although his cheery demeanour and sense of fun did on occasions cause a pair of sternly set lips to lift ever so slightly at the corners.

Michael is a friend of a friend who I’d actually met the first weekend I went to Melbourne and then once a year or so at various parties after that. He was setting out on a trip of his own so I’d invited him to join me for a couple of weeks in the Baltic states. This would be the first time I’d travelled with anyone for nearly a year and I realised that the only times we’d met previously both of us had been very drunk. So whilst I wasn’t exactly apprehensive I was certainly interested to see how it would turn out. I needed have worried he’s actually more easy going than I am and we had a ball. At least I did anyway which is the main thing.

We met in Vilnius, which has to be one of the most chilled out capital cities in Europe.  It has a compact and charming old city.  The suburbs which are composed of Soviet era high rises are less charming, but even those areas have plenty of greenery with forests and parks interspersed with the housing. My first night I couchsurfed in one of the soviet high rises, which although crumbling on the outside was pretty spacious and well appointed on the inside. My host had taken me on mad dash of a bike ride through the gathering dusk to try and reach a view point over the city before it got dark.  We just about made it and stood on the edge of an almost sheer drop looking down to the river below that bisects the city peering into the gloom to spot the city below.

Next day I met Michael at the rather institutional looking hostel I’d booked for us in a hurry the day before and we set off to explore the city. We hadn’t got far before it was beer o’clock and we settled down for some scran and a half litre in the sun. A situation which would be repeated on numerous occasions over the next couple of weeks. Well the beer anyway if not the sun.  The next couple of days we spent exploring the old town, and the new town which was still a couple of hundred years old. We climbed the castle mound and went in search of the artist area of which the Lonely Planet makes out to be some vibrant bohemian hang out but in reality is just a couple of galleries and isn’t much different from the rest of sleepy little Vilnius.

We also received a very powerful lesson in the recent tragic history of Lithuania in the form of the Museum of Genocide Victims.  This building was used by both the Germans and the Russians as the headquarters of their respective secret police and has now been converted into a museum which details the sordid history of the building and the wider events surrounding it. It records the deportation of hundreds of thousands of Lithuanians who were transported to the Gulag in Siberia by the Russians. Sometimes whole families were rounded up with very little notice and forced to endure appalling conditions in a strange and foreign land. Those deemed most dangerous by the authorities were kept in high security work camps and forced to complete hard labour.  Others had more freedoms, although their movements where strictly controlled and were tasked with creating new towns and farms in Siberia. What struck me were the tiny mementoes on display that people used to remind them of home. There was a tiny cloth bag of Lithuanian soil that one person had carried with them on their exile and back again. And the intricate carvings that

Carvings from Toothbrushes

people had made from toothbrushes or the rosary that had been made from  pieces of bread. The museum also described the fate of Lithuania’s Jews at the hands of the Nazis, with the collaboration of a significant section of the local population.  We also visited the Parliament where they have preserved part of the barricades erected round the building by locals to prevent soviet troops from storming it after Lithuania declared independence in 1991. An event that played a crucial role in the break up of the Soviet Union.

If the capital city was like a chilled out village you can imagine what a small fishing village in the forest was like. That’s where we headed next, to Nida a long forested spit of sand which stretches all the way down to Kaliningrad – that island of Russian territory surrounded by Lithuania and Poland. We hopped on the bus, Michael bemoaning the length of the  4 hour trip and me thinking it was nice to have a short journey for a change. Then we hopped on a ferry for the few hundred meter trip across the lagoon and took a shared taxi to our destination. The drive was fast but nothing compared to some of the trips I’d taken over the past year so I enjoyed the journey through the forest whilst Michael held on tight and concentrated his attention on the road ahead and our imminent demise or otherwise.

Nida is supposedly a popular haunt in summer, but although it was only early September it was dead when we were there. It was rather like being in a zombie movie, a largely disserted town in the woods with the few people that were there wandering around staring vacantly ahead without a flicker of emotion on their faces. There were a couple of friendly folk however. One was the dude at a bar we visited. His sole role seemed to be to alert the women of the establishment whenever a customer required another drink. This was achieved with a grunt or two and he seemed a couple of sandwiches short of the full picnic, but he happily engaged Michael in a conversation about Australia and greeted us like long lost friends when we ran into him at the supermarket the next day.  The other friendly character was our guesthouse owner who was extremely welcoming and hospitable despite not speaking a word of English. We returned one evening from dinner to find him animatedly describing the delights of Lithuania to another Aussie guy who was staying there using a book of pictures. A lot of meaning was being conveyed despite neither being able to understand a word the other was saying.

We hired bicycles and took the cycle path described as “ab fab” in the guidebook which turned out to be a pleasant enough ride through the woods but nothing to write home about or merit that description.  Its a relatively new forest because most of the original woodland was felled to construct ships and houses. It was only when a number of villages had been swamped with sand did they realise it was probably not the best idea to remove the trees which were holding the dunes together and a massive reforestation programme was begun. We stopped off en route to climb up one of the remaining dunes. It was pretty impressive easily the highest point on the spit and you could already see the relentless action of the wind, inundating older areas of path.  We arrived at the village of Juodkrante explored an unusual wood carving park had a beer and then commenced the return 30km in one go straight into a headwind.

And that was it for Lithuania, we caught the early morning bus to the ferry, surprising an elk crossing the road along the way and caught the bus to Latvia. Liepaja had clearly seen better days, but it had a certain faded charm to it. There was street after street of gorgeous old wooden buildings, many of them abandoned, slowly decaying away. With old cobbled streets and tram tracks it seems like some of the streets have hardly changed in 50 years. But is also does have a certain get up and go to it. Taking advantage of the number of illustrious musicians the it has produced the town has marketed itself as a bit of a rock and toll Mecca. The walking tour of the town is marked with musical notes and there’s a rock cafe complete with a giant guitar outside. There was biker meet going on so the place was filled with hairy dudes in leather. We didn’t linger to long and headed instead to a club by the river which had been recommended by our hostel.

Neither of us would have chosen the venue given the option but we certainly had a fun night.  As soon as we arrived and ordered we were greeted by a fat guy at the bar. Who although extremely drunk turned out to be surprisingly funny, and with excellent English despite the fact he was shitfaced, he certainly kept us entertained for a while. After we mentioned how miserable Lithuanians were he informed us they were all cocksuckers and not to worry about it. He could sort us out with any drugs we required, but advised us they were expensive and not very good. This also seemed to be the case for the girls he could procure for us. I politely declined on all counts but suggested Michael might be keen although for some reason his interest had been more peaked by the description of the Lithuanian.  The drinks flowed and later we found ourselves staggering round the dance floor to the strains of a surprisingly good jazz rock band.

Next day in our hangover state we missed the bus we had intended to catch, which was fortunate as it didn’t run on a Sunday . So we ended up staying in a Kuldiga when we had originally only planned to pass through. That was a stroke of luck too as it turned out to be one of the nicest places we visited. Our room was in a cute wooden building next to the widest waterfall in Europe and we spent the evening admiring the fine wooden buildings and marvelling at how deserted the place was on a Sunday evening.

Michael and I have slightly different travelling styles. He had a huge bag, almost as big as him, which contained as many pairs of shoes as I have items of clothing.  Admittedly he does look far more stylish than me, although that’s not particularly hard and the effect is rather lost when he is red in the face struggling under the weight of it all.  At least it kept him quiet for a while anyway. He kept remarking about having to lose some of his stuff, but the bag never seemed to get smaller. Budget wise we were also coming from rather different places, he would think nothing of a nice restaurant  lunch washed down with a fine bottle of wine, a bit of a contrast to my usual fare of tired old salami that has been hanging around in my bag for a few weeks, some stale bread and a soggy tomato. But we did a bit of compromising and ate out a couple of times as well as picnicking, and I made sure the salami and bread was fresh!!!

Next day on route to Tulsi we called in on the most northerly vineyard in the world and a very strange sculpture park. Seemingly going with the maxim that more is…. well more they have filled field after field with pretty shit art. Michael who isn’t into modern art was suitable unimpressed and even I struggled with most of the pieces. Given some concrete and a few other bits and bobs I’m sure the two of us could have come up with something, far more impressive. There were a couple of decent works. A giant sphere made from old TV screens and a big chair made from barrels, but on the whole we left the place rather non-pulsed. Although it was a very pleasant walk through the gently rolling countryside.

It was rather the same for the vineyard. We were expecting a similar experience as you would find in Australia with tastings and maybe even a cafe, but the large wooden gate was locked when we got there.  After enquiring at the tourist office we managed to procure a key, and returned to let ourselves in. Turns out it was just a hill with some grapes on and a view of the town, which wasn’t particularly pretty. On the way back down we called into a crazy display of what I can only describe as very lifelike scarecrows arranged around a yard. There was even one sitting in a rusty old car. Then it started moving and I shat myself. Turns out it was an old dude taking the weight off his feet for a while.

Then it was off to Talsi and Michael’s first couchsurfing experience. With a lovely young couple and their massive dog. It was an Eastern Shepherd or something. Which is like a German Shepherd on steroids and he pretty much filled their tiny little flat.  We cooked them dinner and spent a pleasant evening chatting. There was even room enough for the 2 of us plus the massive dog on the floor. We were in Talsi to catch the bus to Kolka which is the most northerly point in western Latvia. From its description in the guide book it seems like some wild mystical place, but by now I was beginning to suspect the authors of the lonely planet for the Baltic states were on crack, or on the payroll of the local tourist authority or even being paid with crack by the tourist board. It was just a non descript town in the forest backing on to a narrow strip of sand. We did find a lovely campsite next to the beach which also had cabins and would  have been totally perfect for 24 hours of solitude, but it was totally empty and they were only taking tents. The hotel in town was like the Marie Celeste. Completely deserted and closed, but with napkins and cutlery still on the tables as if they were expecting us. There was one other guesthouse in town, but a neighbour informed us they were away for the week in Riga. With little other option we decided to follow them there.

Riga was by far the most substantial place we had visited so far in the Baltic states. It has an attractive compact old town and wide bustling streets. There’s a pleasant park that flows around the sliver of river which forms the island on which the old town is situated.  The first night we went to an alright backpacker bar for a few beers. Then the next night, Michael tired of hanging about with me for a couple of weeks decided he needed to be with some of his own kind. With nothing better to do I thought I might as well accompany him and check out the gay scene in Riga. I have to say its not much to write home about, at least not on the Wednesday night we were there.  There is one gay bar in Riga. Down one of the side streets off the main drag. It’s presence announced by a glowing rainbow sign outside. We had to buzz to get in, clearly we passed the gayness test and were allowed in. Although they weren’t exactly fighting back the crowds that evening. There were a couple of fat Russians at the bar one of whom was chatting to a couple of Asian guys. There was a pretty young thing half heartedly dancing on a slightly raised platform, in between chatting to the door bitch. And the barman who very happily relieved us of fast sums of money in exchange for drinks. $20 for a gin and tonic and a beer. And so we waited for some excitement to happen. Or more to the point Michael was waiting for someone even vaguely attractive to turn up. But they never did, in fact nobody came and nothing much exciting happened either. A couple of the guys at the bar headed off to the darkened area around the back. Michael suggested  to the barman that $20 wasn’t really a sensible price to pay for a couple of drinks. He disagreed.  So we left. It seems like Riga is not the most exciting place to be gay.

Next day we had an early start to catch the bus to Tarnu a university town over the border in Estonia. The final destination of the bus was St Petersburg and very plush it was too. With huge amounts of leg room, comfortable seats and free WIFI on board. It even had electric sockets so you could plug in your phone or laptop.

Tarnu was a pleasant town too and the hostel we were staying at was great too.

Cheese slice soap holder

It was billed as being environmentally aware and unlike many so called eco-tourism places actually lived up to the name. Many of the fixtures and fittings were made from reclaimed or re-used objects. The locks for the showers were fashioned from ice skates, hooks were made from old screws and the soap holder was constructed from a cheese slice. In contrast to almost every other place I’d been to in eastern Europe they also took recycling very seriously  with separate bins for everything including organic waste. It also had a really homely feel with a nice living room and friendly staff.

After exploring the old town the first day we caught a bus out to a small town not far away. I have to say it is one of the most uncomfortable bus rides I have ever been on. It was unbelievably hot. Although it took less than an hour I couldn’t wait to get off. It was so hot that I stripped down to my t-shirt and rolled up my trousers in an effort to cool down. All to no avail I was still dripping with sweat and gasping for air when we eventually arrived at our destination. As was Michael, but the other passengers were carrying on like it was all perfectly normal. We went for a very pleasant walk through the forest and then took a rather cooler bus home.

And then it was off to Tallinn for our last couple of days together. Fittingly it was the weekend so we could mark our parting in style. We’d booked a room in what was very attractively described on the website as a lovingly renovated hostel in a traditional Estonian wooden house. The reality was slightly different. It seemed to be a converted attic in a ramshackle old building. The ceilings in the rooms were sloping so you could only stand up at one end, their were chairs at the ends of the beds but it was impossible to sit in them because of the low roof. Intriguingly there was a sauna attached to the shower. It was almost as if it was a brothel but that the workers hadn’t been recruited yet. There was no one there when we arrived just a note on the door to call Sergei. When he arrived he had a bit of a gangster look about him, pale callow skin and inquisitive ferret eyes. But was friendly and welcoming enough after turning up half an hour later to let us in

Tallinn’s old city was the most attractive of the 3 major Baltic cities we’d visited. It was quite extensive, virtually traffic free and filled with interesting nooks and crannies. We found a soviet themed cafe, and a lovely restaurant with a guy playing amazing jazz guitar.  Overlooking it all is the site of the old castle on an outcrop with great views of the city.

On Saturday night we hit the town, a meal and a few beers at a place recommended by a Georgian dude who was living at our place and then on to a shooters bar to try and meet up with him. He was nowhere to be seen but there was a bewildering array of shots to choose from which had to be order 5 at a time on a little wooden tray. We had 2.5 tequila themed concoctions and a couple more beers and Michael went off to find a gay bar he’d seen on the internet and I stayed chatting at the bar. Later I went to find Michael but there was no sign of a gay bar at the address he’s given me so I staggered back to our place which was just around the corner. I awoke at 4 am fully clothed, with the light blazing down on me and busting for the toilet. On my way back to the room I pushed at the door. It didn’t budge. I turned the handle and pushed harder. Nothing. My heart sank. I’d locked my self out. And of all the places to do it in, the only place we’d stayed in that didn’t have someone on site that could let me back in. To make matters worse Michael was still outside partying it up and my phone was locked in the room so he had no means of contacting me. The only thing to do was bed down for the night on the sofa in the common room and get a key in the morning. Luckily I’d fallen asleep in my clothes otherwise I would have been freezing.

After a fitful few hours sleep I was woken by the sound of my mobile ringing in the room. It must have been Michael. I went downstairs and waited by the door, but there was no sign of him. I tried to go back to sleep, but he kept calling. So I went back downstairs, still nothing to be seen. Eventually the plaintive ringing of my phone became too much, in my fevered imagination I pictured Michael huddled  against the cold cursing me. Although it was barely 8 am I knocked on the room next door. The Georgian dude appeared from the room looking very dishevelled. I explained the situation and asked if he had a spare key. He didn’t but I can’t believe how nice he was. If I had been in his shoes and some idiot traveller woke me up early on a Sunday morning I would most likely have told them to fuck off and gone back to bed. Instead he made me breakfast and a cup of tea and let me use his phone to get onto Facebook to get Michael’s number, and then to message him. But there was no reply. Turns out by this stage he was fast asleep in all night pizza place. I needn’t have stressed out after all.

I also messaged Sergei to come and open the room. He didn’t turn up until midday, also looking very dishevelled himself. He explained he had a very late night himself. My vivid imagination pictured him engaging in Russian gansterish activities. Sorting out a cocaine deal, or checking out his extensive network of brothels, or maybe playing poker until dawn but no he’d been playing computer games. Although he had been playing Counter Strike so he could have been training for his next operation. And at last we could get back into the room. I won’t be making that mistake again.

And that was it. My interlude of travelling with a companion was over. It had been fun. It had been nice to share the journey for a while, get another perspective on things, share a laugh. I’d also learned more about gay sex over those two weeks than I had over the previous 38 years. On a purely theoretical basis just in case you were wondering.

Next it was Russia and all the romance, excitement and exoticism that evokes.

This was my first time in Poland and I have to say it more than lived up to my expectations. I saw some pretty countryside and towns, met some lovely people, was deeply moved by the tragic history and also managed to have a lot of fun.

In Krakow I spent the day relaxing and soaking up the atmosphere of the old town. Its very pretty so as you would expect I wasn’t alone in taking in the sights, but it was towards the end of the season so it wasn’t so crowded. I had been doing a fair bit of travelling over the past few days so was quite content to wander without too much purpose and wasn’t too concerned about going on any excursions to the salt mines that I’d heard so much about. My host had told me about a fire breathing dragon which was located by the castle so when I spotted the sign to the dragons cave I eagerly paid the fee and went in.  After climbing down a long long spiral staircase I finally entered the cave which was very boring and totally devoid of any dragon which I discovered was waiting outside on the pavement. True to description it unleashed a sheet of fiery breath into the sky just as I walked past. I could have avoided the stairs and saved my money after all. Then in the evening my hosts took me for a lovely dinner in the old Jewish quarter.

Next day is warm and sunny. The perfect day for hitching to Lublin. On route to my hitching spot the tram passes through Nowa Huta a model town built by the Communists in the 1950s. My hosts had told me about it the night before. When it was built Krakow was a city of intellectuals and the middle classes who largely opposed the new regime. In order to poroletarianise the city they decided to build a huge steel works and a new town to house the workers.  So it was rather ironic that the town became a hotbed of support for the Solidarnosc trade union during the 1980s which was fighting to change the regime. My host who lived there at the time told me about the regular police raids and running street battles with the police.

I’m a bit of a sucker for social realist architecture so I enjoyed the grand façade of the buildings and the wide tree lined boulevards and good transport links still make it a desirable location to live.

My first lift only takes me 30km, but its a young student who’s just returned from a trip hitching round Romania so we have plenty to talk about. The next lift less so mainly because he doesn’t speak English and I don’t know a word of Polish, but we smiled a lot and muddled through. In any case it was a lovely day and I enjoyed the scenery as we passed. The countryside was gently rolling and the famers were busy getting in the harvest from the long narrow fields. As we passed through towns and villages stalls were piled high with produce, sacks of potatoes and orange pumpkins shining in the bright sunshine..

I was visiting Lublin because one of the first couchsurfers we hosted in Melbourne were a couple from there. They subsequently became good friends so I wanted to go and see where they were from. Fittingly I was couchsurfing there myself. My hosts lived next to a pasta factory in the factory owners old mansion which had been converted into apartments.  It was just outside the city centre and surrounded by vegetable plots for the factory workers and unused land which had sprouted a trees and bushes so it was like being in a green little oasis apart from the city. They were also lovely too. He was a farrier and she worked from home as a translator which meant she was free too give me a little tour of the city. Lublin is an ancient town and it’s location on the route linking the Black and the Baltic seas meant that it was very multicultural with peoples from across Europe and further afield into Asia calling it home. It was also once a place of some importance. The union between Lithuania and Poland was signed there. The old town survived the war largely intact and there are some great crumbling old buildings on the narrow cobbled streets. However it has one of the ugliest castles I have ever seen. The  original having been demolished in the 19th century with a squat brick prison being constructed in its place. We wandered round through the streets and poked our heads into some of the old buildings. A few were in the process of being gentrified but the vast majority were in a state of disrepair. Crumbling mortar and decaying timber stairs leading to the upper floors. My host explained that since the war only the very poorest had lived here and this was still largely the case today.

We took lunch in a vegetarian restaurant which was housed in a grotty old block of flats, but inside it was beautifully decorated with a thatched cottage built into the wall and some happy cows painted on the walls clearly very pleased that they weren’t going to be consumed on the premises. The food was delicious and the place was clearly organised along ethical lines, the only problem was that the food was served on plastic disposable plates with plastic knives and forks. I guess given that even re-cycling is practically non-existent in Poland I shouldn’t really have presumed that people would be aware of the environmental impact of disposable items. Lets face it even in countries where people are more aware it doesn’t make much of a difference. Australian’s alone throw away over 1,000,000,000 paper coffee cups each year, just in order to get their morning fix!!!

On the way home we visited the Jewish cemetery. It was surrounded by a high brick wall with a mound of earth rising above them. Mature trees formed a thick woodland. The first gate we came to was locked with a sturdy padlock, but we continued around the perimeter and eventually located a smaller gate which was secured with tightly twisted wire but looked eminently climbable. We hopped over it carefully avoiding the old engine oil which had been smeared liberally over the gate to deter intruders such as us. Inside it was peaceful, with dabbled sunlight falling through the trees on the undergrowth below. We walked through the trees following a rough path, there was no sign of the graves which must have once lined this place. It was some distance before we came across the first broken headstones scattered through the bushes. Then we spot a clearing in the trees and a small group of gravestones standing  in the grass as the others must once have done so. They were decorated with Stars of David with inscriptions in Hebrew. Despite the peace and sunlight it was still eerie to contemplate the fate of those who must once have tended those graves.

Like most towns in Poland Lublin had a large Jewish population, before 1939 there were over 3.2 million Jews living in Poland accounting for more than 10% of the population. After the Nazi’s invaded they formed ghettos in most towns with a sizable Jewish population. Lublin was no exception. Jews from the city and surrounded area where confined to a small area within the old town. Walls were erected and movement in and out strictly controlled. In 1942 The ghettos across the Nazi empire were liquidated. Most of the inhabitants of the Lublin ghetto were transferred to Majdanek concentration camp which was were I headed next.

A huge concrete lump had been erected where the gate once stood. It seemed to me to perfectly encapsulate the enormity of what had happened at that place and this was only one of hundreds of such sites throughout Europe. The sun was setting across the broad expense of field lighting up the watchtowers and fences in the distance. What struck me was the size of the place, it was massive and must have housed thousands of people but also how close it was to the city. I had ridden a bike there in around 10 minutes, now it was surrounded by flats and houses. I wondered what the cities inhabitants must have thought about the place where after all any one of them could end up at a moments notice. Some where clearly moved by the plight of those inside because there is a plaque by the gate thanking those brave residents who provided material and emotional support to those inside.

The camp housed up to 16,000 prisoners at a time with over 300,000 people estimated to have spent time there  not only Jews but also Roma, Communists and other political prisoners. As they arrived through the gates the prisoners where separated into those capable of useful work and the sick, elderly and young. This latter group were brought directly to the gas chambers. It was horrifically bleak standing at the doors looking inside to the place where so many had died. Seeing the bottles of gas, the huge steel doors which swung shut sealing those inside, the glass peep hole to check the deed had been accomplished. It was initially established as a forced labour camp but as the plan to exterminate the Jews of Poland (operation Rheinhart) was introduced Majdanek served as a centre for sorting and storage for the property taken from the killing camps of Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka. However Majdanek did also occasionally function as a killing centre. Of the more than 2 million Jews killed during operation Rheinhart 59,000 were killed at Majdanek 

It was a harrowing experience wandering around the displays in the huts, but a powerful reminder of the horrors that can be inflicted if we aren’t vigilant about those that seek power. Indeed reflecting on the wave of anti-Semitism that swept across Europe in the early 20th century which assisted in the ability of the Nazis to gain power there are certain parallels to the growing demonization of Islam that is occurring across the planet. The cartoons portraying Mohammed published in a Danish Magazine a couple of years ago are eerily reminiscent of the hateful caricatures of Jews in cartoons published across Europe during the 1930s.

Poland’s tragic history, a consequence of being sandwiched between Germany and Russia is evident where ever you travel in the country. I got another taste of it in Warsaw when I visited the museum of the Warsaw uprising. In 1944 with the Russians closing in on the city, the Polish Free Army rose up against their German occupiers. They seized large areas of the centre of the city, but were largely abandoned by the Americans who refused to fly air drops to supply the lightly armed forces and the Russians who stopped their advance on the outskirts of the city for the duration of the uprising. Many believe this to have been a deliberate policy to assist in the achievement of post war political objectives. Without outside help the uprising was doomed to failure and after 63 days the Poles were forced to capitulate. Over that period up to 200,000 of the residents were killed, mostly in mass executions by the Germans and then after the surrender the Germans set about systematically destroying the city. By the time the Russians entered 85% of the city was in ruins.

The city was completely rebuilt after the war, and many people warned me that it was grey and ugly and uninspiring. Actually I was pleasantly surprised. I have a bit of a soft spot for communist social realism architecture which as you can imagine there is a lot of and the streets are broad, the transport links are good and there are plenty of parks and greenery.

It wasn’t all doom and gloom in Warsaw though I had a lot of fun too. My hosts from Lublin were DJing at a party there and they offered me a lift and an invite to the party. They invited my Warsaw host to come along too. I was the first couchsurfer she had hosted and I’m pretty sure it was a memorable experience. She was a little shy, and perhaps was a little straight laced, but she certainly had a sense of adventure.  So later that evening we set off to find the party which was in an area of the city she had never even been to before. That’s what I love about couchsurfing it often leads you to experiences that you would never have otherwise have had. Firstly we get off at the wrong station and have to wait for another train after asking directions from someone on the platform. After exiting the next station we wander around an industrial area past hulking factories spewing steam and strange smells. A car stops to ask directions to the same party but we’re as lost as she is. She offers us a lift anyway and then we round the corner and spot a pair of tall towers which I establish later were once used to store concrete. There’s a fire burning beneath them and a crowd are drinking and eating. We’d found it.

My friend from Lublin was DJing in one of the towers and we were introduced to the host of the party. He asked us to sponsor him as he was taking part in a race to drive to Mount Olympus in a couple of weeks. The idea was to purchase a vehicle for a few hundred Euros and then drive it to Greece, raising money in the process. They had bought an old communist era fire truck which was parked next to the towers. He says that they were looking for people to go with them and would I like to join them. I was sorely tempted but Michael was coming out to meet me in Lithuania on the following Monday, so I reluctantly refused. Typical that an offer like that comes along when I had arranged to meet someone for the first time in my entire trip. Our host then offers to show us round the place and asks us if we want to jump off one of the towers.

Well the fire engine seemed like an eminently more sensible proposition to me, but intrigued I followed him into the base of the tower.  We went past the DJ and into the second tower. Inside a group of party goers was climbing into harnesses and putting on helmets. Then we began the climb upwards firstly a few metres up the inside of the tower and then out through a hole and up some metal stairs which have been rigged between the two structures. It’s high, and there those kind of metal stairs you can see a lot of the far away ground through. I grip a little tighter, try and not look down and climb higher. When I arrive at the top there’s a magnificent view of the city out across the canal and factory roofs. Steam is spluttering out of a pipe nearby and the gleaming lights of the city stretch out into the distance.

After admiring the view I began to take closer stock of my immediate surroundings.  A metal rope was rigged across the structure and stretched away into the inky darkness. Nearby a platform with steps and railings had been built. A guy was pulling a rope up from below, whilst another was checking the harnesses of the plucky jumpers and running through the procedure.  After the ropes were double checked the first participant was clipped into their harness and the  stepped up to the edge with their helper. He counted down and then they were falling. In complete silence for what seemed like an eternity and then a loud snap and a jerk as the rope kicked in. It had been set up to full them sharply sideways and they swung out in an arc over the canal. It was only after they swung back again that the scream came. Clearly the fear had been so great up until then that they were incapable of screaming.  Bugger that for a game of soldiers, which was the response I gave to my host when she enquired if I wanted to have a go. Being petrified of heights she agreed with me. We watched another few hurl themselves off and then seeking some warmth from the fire I clambered down. I was just chatting to some people when a familiar looking body went flashing past above. I thought to myself “I recognise those shoes”. It was my host. She’d conquered her fears and jumped!!! Of course at this stage of the story I should be telling you that inspired by her exploits I charged back up the tower taking the steps two at a time to confront my own fears, but I didn’t. I helped myself to another shandy and concluded that I actually liked having two feet on the ground.

Although they couldn’t quite match my first evening in Warsaw I thoroughly enjoyed the rest of the time I spent there. I wandered through the old town, which was completely destroyed during the war and completely rebuilt as faithfully as possible during the 1950s. I visited one of the few remaining pre-war buildings in the city centre, replete with bullet holes and bomb damage. Across the river in Praha there are more extensive areas of older buildings and it was interesting to wander along the cobbled streets. My host also took me to a couple of beautiful parks, with huge areas of trees and lakes. We visited an art gallery and an open air concert and then in the evening joined a couple of her friends for dinner in one of the pubs in the park.

All too soon it was time to leave Poland. I’d had a ball and hope to be back soon. My hitch into Lithuania proved to be a breeze although it didn’t start off too promisingly. Hitchwiki had advised me that there was a small town about 30km outside Warsaw which the majority of the trucks which pass through Poland have to go through.  Well they certainly weren’t on the Monday morning I had chosen. I’m not sure if the ban on heavy traffic entering Warsaw has changed but only about 5 trucks passed me in 45 minutes. I was feeling rather despondent and only hitching half heartedly when a local guy stopped who happened to be going to Bialstock, a large town not far from the border. I was there a matter of minutes when a Polish guy travelling to Kaunas for a business meeting picked me up.  I’d read that Kaunas is terrible to try and hitch around so I elected to try and hitch cross country to Vilnius. I was dropped at the windswept and rather lonely looking junction just outside  Marijampole. It seemed like an age before the first car came past. Amazingly it stopped. It was a guy who had lived and worked in the UK for a number of years so his English was excellent. He dropped me in town on the road to Vilnius and shortly after I got a ride all the way there with a young kid in an old Mercedes.  To say he didn’t hang about would be an understatement. It was a twisty single carriageway with a fair bit of traffic but he was regularly hitting 140 kph, overtaking with not much room to spare. Disconcertingly the car would lose power in places and their were a couple of near misses. Once we reached the city limits he insisted on driving me right to the front door of my Couchsurfing host, at a rather more sedate pace than he had previously. What a lovely introduction to Lithuania.

It was with a mixture of excitement and sadness that I took to the road again. Sad to be leaving my family but excitement at the adventures ahead. Fittingly it was a typical Scottish summer day the sky was dark and brooding and rain was lashing against the windows. Fortunately it had stopped by the time I reached my hitching spot.

I was heading for Poland with a couple of stops en route to catch up with friends in Sheffield and Berlin. The sky was clearing, the hitching was pretty easy, and the lifts I got were lovely. An old working class guy from Durham who was partially deaf and must have been in his 80s. Upon hearing about my trips, he waxed lyrically about his own vicarious travels achieved through the books he was reading. He’d just finish one on the Marsh Arabs of Iraq and lamented the current stereotypes of the Middle East so prevalent in the media. It was refreshing to hear after the racist comments about Islam that I so often hear. My final lift of the day was a lovely Polish lorry driver who took me all the way to Doncaster, even driving out of his way so I wouldn’t have to walk so far in the pouring rain.

After a pause to visit an old friend in Sheffield my string of great lifts continued. A guy delivering a van to Newcastle shared spliff with me on the way to the M62. Then an Indian doctor took me into Hull. He told me that his family was too poor to afford to pay for the bus to school when he was a child. To avoid having to walk the 10km he and his brothers used to hitch hike. At the time there were very few cars on the roads so they got lifts from passing cyclists. He was so grateful for the kindness of strangers  that enabled him to complete his education and become a doctor that he always picks up hitch hikers whenever he can. My good fortune with lifts meant I was ridiculously early for my boat. Unfortunately Hull is about the last place in England you want to be hanging around unnecessarily. I wandered past the rows of pound shops and pawn brokers and on through the grand Victorian buildings in the centre which alluded to an altogether more prosperous past. I found myself at the old docks all gentrified now with a shopping mall in the middle of one and another full of gleaming yachts whose owners clearly weren’t residing in the crumbling old blocks of flats I had passed on my way into town.

Then it was time to board the ferry to Rotterdam. Last time I had taken this trip I was just a deck passenger and slept on the floor. Now in the world of comfort and mollycoddling and probably in an attempt to get rid of the riff raff you have to have a cabin. Which is expensive, although not much more than the bus to Berlin and you get a comfortable bed rather than spending the night on a bus squirming around the seat in an attempt to find a position in which it is possible to snatch a few minutes rest. After a refreshing sleep I hop on the bus into town and walk to the hitching spot recommended in hitchwiki It seems like its a good one because within minutes of arriving I’ve scored a lift with a lovely young couple. It’s a pattern that repeats itself for the rest of the day. First a young guy in the marines excited about going on his first posting takes me near the border. Then a couple of great grandparents returning from a holiday in the Netherlands drop me well inside Germany. Finally a Polish guy in a van agrees to take me all the way to Berlin. It’s only just after 3 and I’ve already reached Hanover.

Then my luck changes. First off there’s a smash on the autobahn and the traffic slows to a crawl with the road reduced to one lane. We’ve just about reached the crash when we’re involved in one of our own. We’re on a steep hill and the van rolls  backwards slightly crushing the bonnet of the shinny new BMW behind. The driver is furious and after berating the poor Polish dude insists on calling the police and waiting for their arrival right where we are. Which is rather inconvenient as we’re almost at the site of the first accident so now all the traffic queuing to get past has to get round us and then back on to the hard shoulder to get round the blockage in the outer 2 lanes. After waiting for 45 minutes we eventually convince the driver to wait in the parking area a few hundred metres down the road. There’s still no sign of the cops after another hour so my driver anxious to continue as he’s still got 600 km to travel suggests they swap details so we can continue on our way. She reluctantly agrees and finally we’re back on our way and making good progress.

It doesn’t last. Half an hour later a police car pulls out in front of us and indicates we should follow them. We’re taken back to the police station. My driver only speaks limited German and nobody there speaks Polish. We wait until someone who does arrives. They fine him 400 EU for leaving the scene of an accident despite nobody being hurt, the only damage being a ruined bonnet and the other driver agreeing to him leaving.  I try to protest, but they’re having none of it. I wonder how different the outcome would have been if he was German, or even British rather than Polish. The problem is further compounded by the fact he only has 20EU on him so we’re forced to wait again. Eventually after issuing him with a ticket to pay within a month we are allowed to go on our way.

By this time we’re seriously late and it’s nearly 10pm by the time he drops me at the services just before Berlin. I decide to try and hitch into town for 30 minutes before walking into the nearby village to catch a train. Which proves to be a costly error as I miss a train by 5 minutes and then have to wait another 2 hours for the next one. Although I have to say it is pretty remarkable that there are still trains running after midnight through a tiny little town. In England or Australia I’d have stood no chance.  And the underground’s still running too. In fact some lines run 24 hours. How good is that.

It’s after 1:30 when I finally arrive at my couchsurfers place and she’s incredibly welcoming and warm despite me waking her up. I guess it helps that she’s an experienced hitcher herself so knows the score.

I love Berlin. This time I didn’t see any of the sights but just hung out with a friend from Melbourne who’s been living there since January and my couchsurfing hosts. It’s a great city. It’s just got a really nice vibe. Lots of interesting stuff going on. Its relatively cheap and nicely relaxed. It’s fine to have a beer on the train, or just on the street unlike Oz or the UK where fun is strictly regulated and comodified. If someone’s not profiting from it, you probably can’t do it.  I would have loved to stay longer, but Poland was calling. I just had time for a night out clubbing in a crazy club in a basement. Unfortunately the clubs decor was far superior to the music which for the most part seemed to consist of bizarre experimental electronic noise.  But fun was had anyway exploring all the nooks and crannies. There was even one small room with a woman standing on a pentagram muttering incantations.

I was back just before dawn to catch a couple of hours kip before hitting the road to hitch to Poland. At least that was the idea, but things didn’t exactly go to plan. It was a Sunday and trucks are banned and the traffic that was on the road seemed to consist of families or at least couples none of whom seemed remotely interested in giving me a lift. Sunburnt and dishearten I gave up after 6 hours and went to get a bus or a train instead. The only bus to Krakow had already left and the train didn’t seem much of a better option. I could only book at for as Poznan from Berlin and the train arrived there at 1 am and cost 90EUR. With no indication of when the connection left or how much it cost. I got a dorm room instead for 18EUR and decided to try my luck hitching at another spot this next day.

This time I fared slightly better although I had to wait over an hour and the guy wanted to charge me 10 EUR for a lift to Dresden. He accepted my offer of 5 to take me to the first service station. Then a really nice young guy who was making plans to travel himself dropped me close to the border. What had looked like a promising spot on the map turned out to be a lonely spot in the middle of a forest. What traffic there was all headed back the way I had come. Only one car had passed in my direction in 45 minutes. Luckily the next car stopped. 2 Polish lads returning home. Then a van took me to Wroclaw and dropped me at another unpromising looking place. One of the first vehicles was a people carrier with a family of two kids in. I barely bothered hitching. Families with kids never stop, but this one did. Turned out they were from Turkey on a remarkable holiday driving  round Europe. They had covered 7000km in 20 days seemingly taking in most of the sights from the car window. I was the 15th hitch hiker they had picked up on their journey. Luckily for me they were also going to Krakow, although we made rather slow progress.

After 45 minutes or so we pulled into a service area to give the kids a break. After having some fun on the play ground mum decided it was time for dinner so we all piled into KFC. Then they spotted a Turkish truck driver in the car park so it was time for introductions all round and then the camera came out for photos. Afterwards the car was brought round next to the truck for more photos. Finally we depart. Luckily the past 14 months of travelling have taught me to be very accepting about the progress (or otherwise) of a journey. There’s no point in getting stressed about delays or hitches. You’ll get there in the end and your likely to have some fun along the way anyway.  A little further down the road we see another Turkish truck and pull over on the hard shoulder to say hello. Turns out the driver’s daughter is starting university in my families home town in a couple of weeks. This calls for a longer time to get acquainted so we pull over at the next parking area. Handshakes all round once again then out comes the truckers stove and the Turkish coffee follows it. Shortly after he’s giving them eggs and cucumbers, bread and bags of apples. And of course there is no rush. The father apologises and asks if I’m in a hurry. Naturedly I politely reply of course not, even though its getting later and later, my couchsurfing hosts are expecting me and I’ve run out of credit on my phone, so I can’t alert them to my delay. In any case the family is so lovely and I’m having fun playing with the kids and really enjoying the conversations with Dad who is really quite a remarkable man, I can’t really complain. Eventually we hit the road again and they drop me very near to my couch for the night. I bade them a fond farewell. I would be spending the next few days in Krakow they were there for only a few hours and were heading off to Slovakia that night. What a crazy journey.

The back of their car showing their itinerary

I’ve had a wonderful six months catching up with friends and family in the UK. Enjoyed the beautiful Scottish scenery and summer weather. It really has pissed it down but there’s been some gorgeous sunny days too. Often when it really mattered. I only discovered the tent I bought on eBay leaked like a sieve on the third week of my bicycle tour of Ireland.  And I barely got wet on the hitching side trips to visit various friends around the country. I’ve visited some places for the first time – I had superb trips to Newcastle and Bridport and re-acquainted myself with favourite haunts, met my very cute nephew and welcomed my new niece into the world. Thanks to everyone and everything that made it such a special time.

But I have to say parts of it have been profoundly depressing. Just seeing quite how much of the country the Con Dems are busily selling off, that is the few remaining bits that Thatcher and Bliar didn’t flog off to their mates. 

I took the train from Exeter to Dumfries the other day. After covering around 20,000 km by rail over my trip I can honestly say it was the worst rail journey of them all. Not only was I over an hour late it was also the most expensive trip I have taken (even my first class sleeper ticket from Chengdu to Lhasa which takes 40 hours and covers a distance of 3300 km was 40 quid cheaper) which is no surprise as thanks to privatisation British trains are now the most expensive in the world   I paid £150 for my ticket, a similar journey in the rest of Europe  – which all have a publicly run rail system – would have on average cost me £79   or roughly half. 

Rail privatisation has been an unmitigated disaster not only are fares mind bogglingly expensive but the subsidy from taxpayers is 3 times (in real terms) what it was when the railways were publicly run. In the year before privatisation the public subsidy was just £431m in 2006 it was £6bn. Due to the complexity of the system some of these funds have been funnelled into beaurocracy. Backroom staff have increased by 56% since privatisation. Network rail alone employs 600 lawyers just to negotiate contracts with the train operating companies who no doubt employ a similar number themselves. But a huge amount of the subsidies goes straight into the pockets of the shareholders and executives of the train companies. Last year First Group’s rail operations made over £100m and Virgin $44, their CEOs made around £1m. Research by the rail union RMT shows that over the period 1997-2010 the Britain’s private transport operators paid dividends of £2.1billion, of which they suggested at least half came from rail

It’s no surprise that a recent report into British railways concluded that taxpayers are “manifestly not receiving” a “fair deal”. Indeed pretty much every report into privatisations, PFIs, PPP etc conclude that they are a rip off. And all those reports are steadfastly ignored by those in power – currently the Con Dems but Labour were exactly the same – who are steaming ahead with the wholesale transfer of public wealth and assets into the hands of some pretty unpleasant corporations. Even the NHS and education are not immune. This funny but very depressing letter shows just how much of the “public” health care system is now run by private companies   And don’t even get me started on that dickhead Gove. Not only are kids subjected to a school regime of assessment that labels them from the age of 6 but now education providers get to make a profit out of doing so. Over half of Britain’s secondary schools are now Academies, some of which are run by for profit companies, other’s by organisations such as the Vardy foundation set up by car salesman Reg Vardy – a creationist who’s schools get state funding to teach creationism . Academies also represent a significant erosion in local democracy with reduced requirements for parent governors and the potential for future governors being appointed by the current ones creating a self perpetuating cabal. Then there is the transfer of ownership of the buildings and grounds. Huge areas of public land are being transferred into private hands which can then be sold of with the secretary of state’s approval. A man who clearly wouldn’t be averse to selling off his own granny, for the right price, or actually more likely your granny.

But you know what makes me the most angry. It is they are getting away with it with barely a whimper being raised in opposition. It’s like people don’t care their children’s birth right is being sold off to the highest bidder, or who ever paid the biggest donation. 

So I think its now time to put my travelling shoes back on, give the pack a good old clean and hit the road. The plan is to head to Vietnam again but this time via Poland, the Baltic states and then head to Russia and hop on the Trans Siberian Railway through Mongolia and into China. For those that are bothered I will be continuing my ramblings on here. Look out for the next update.

Last post I crossed a country, in this one I’ll cross a continent.  Hitching a ride from Turkey across the border into Greece is notoriously difficult, so I elected to take the bus straight to Thessaloniki.  The bus was on charter from a company called crazy holidays. Call me old fashioned, but crazy is not really something I look for on an intercity coach journey . As it turned out the trip proved to be anything but.

We’d barely got started when the driver pulled into a motorway service station. Clearly someone was getting commission for bringing a load of punters to peruse the typical overpriced tat that you get at every similar establishment around the world with a few local twists. Then there was the border crossing itself.  This was the 13th I had entered  and on only 2 previous occasions had my luggage been subjected to any kind of examination.  On entering Vietnam the customs officer had given my bags a cursory search and then bizarrely when leaving China they were looked through rather more thoroughly.  As we were entering the EU I was expecting something a little more rigorous. On the Turkish side only 2 people were dragged off the bus to have their bags searched a young French backpacker and of course me. On the Greek side we all lined up with our bags laid out on the bench in front of us. This time the customs official selected only one bag to be examined, yes you’ve guessed it mine. I clearly must look dodgy because his decision couldn’t have been based on the countries I’d just visited because I’d switched from using my Australian passport which had all my stamps in to my British one to enter the EU. I was forced to empty the entire contents of my pack, dirty boxer shorts scattered across the bench, socks falling onto the floor whilst the other passengers stared through the windows of the coach parked right behind me.  Although what exactly he was looking for I’m not entirely sure. He barely glanced at my plastic bag of white powder (the cheese I’d been given in Turkey) despite the large sign on the wall directly behind him advising it was illegal to bring dairy products into the EU.  I would imagine the super strength cold and flu tablets I’d purchased in Laos would also have been prohibited, but not a mention was made of them. No it seemed like many other minor bureaucrats he was doing it simply because he could, to make it look like he was doing his job, with the added bonus of being able to humiliate  some poor punter in the process. Then came the task of getting all my possessions back into the bag. Conscious of the dozens of eyes burning into my back I tried to hurry, thus making my task that much harder. Suddenly my pile of belongings seemed much larger and my bag smaller. Items which fitted snugly that morning no longer seemed to go. I grabbed the last few recalcitrant items, stuffed them into a plastic bag and retreated into the bus.

It took an age to reach Thessaloniki, it seemed like the bus stopped at every town and village along the way, the driver avoiding the motorway in favour of back roads. We stopped at a restaurant in the middle of nowhere, more commission? I had no Euros so they weren’t gaining anything from me.  Finally we arrived and I wandered, disoriented through the dark streets trying to find a cash point, a phone card and a phone so I could find my couch surfing host for the next few days.

And what a perfect host she was too. Kind of like staying with your mum, except she could knock back the sambuca.  As soon as I arrived a bottle of wine was opened and out came a plate of cheese, her mothers home grown olives and some cured ham.  I hadn’t had pork since I left China, 3 months previously, and this was delicious so I pigged out on it. Then my laundry was taken care of and a freshly made bed was ready for me.

Next day my host took me on a tour of the city. Although it couldn’t be described as beautiful Thessaloniki has a certain charm to it. Nestling beside a curved bay the city spreads into the surrounding  hills forming a natural amphitheatre. It has been an important port for centuries as the various empires rose and fell in surrounding lands. That history has largely been concealed by modern apartments  and roads but here and there it bursts out of the concrete and glass. The sun was bright, turning the waters blue as we walked along the sea front which had been newly gentrified with a parks, cycle path and promenade added. We climbed the white tower which offered great views around the bay and inside had informative displays on the history of the city from Roman times to the independence struggle from the Ottoman Empire. During the Ottoman times the town was a cosmopolitan mix of Slavs, Turks, Greeks and Jews. It was one of the most important Jewish cities in Europe, providing shelter to Spanish Jews fleeing the Inquisition. This all changed after independence as first population exchanges with Bulgaria and Turkey removed the Slavs and Turks and then the Nazi occupiers removed the Jewish population.

In the afternoon we caught a taxi up one of the steep hills overlooking the city heading towards the oldest part of the city. Near the top we stopped to engage in Thessaloniki’s most popular rituals – the drinking of frappe – a long, strong and sweet iced coffee. Morning, afternoon and evening the locals will pause what they are doing and head out to one of the hundreds of pavement cafes, order a frappe and put the world to rights. Of course at some stage the conversation invariably flows to the economic woes currently afflicting the country. As we had passed through the city I’d noticed a number of shops boarded up and empty.  Earlier we had met some friends of my host who were considering emigrating to Australia a theme I would hear repeated countless times throughout my trip. And everywhere people decrying the corruption ingrained into economic life and the bankers and rich who were largely responsible for creating the mess the country now found itself in.

Much of the city was destroyed by fire in 1917, the only part that was spared was Ano Poli and that was were we headed. We walked through the maze of old streets, skirting a monastery past the old stone houses clinging on to the hillside occasionally pausing to ask directions – it was the first time my host had been here too despite having lived in the city for 7 years. Eventually we located the street of restaurants we were looking for, and following a recommendation from a local chose the oldest of the lot. A sign inside indicated that it had been open since 1885 . My companion ordered and we were soon tucking into some fabulous food. A whole selection of dishes cooked from simple fresh ingredients and washed down with a glass or two of the local fire water. Absolutely delicious.

Next morning my host suggested I check out some of the countryside around Mount Olympus. Following her directions I hopped on a couple of buses and a couple of hours later was walking up a steep mountain road in the warm late morning sunshine.  The road was quiet and the air was clear leaving perfect views down onto the azure sea below. I had a spring in my stride and a song in my head and soon made short work of the trek to the village above. It was a lovely old stone hamlet, with narrow cobbled streets and views over the sea and across to the snow covered Mount Olympus towering above. It was obviously a drawcard for tourists with restaurants with tables spilling onto the central plaza surrounding the small church, shops selling trinkets and many of the houses providing accommodation.  However today it was practically deserted with only one family eating lunch.  I wandered through the streets, and found a bench on which to eat my lunch and then followed a rough track higher into the hills.  Birds were singing, new life was bursting forth in the spring warmth and all was well with the world or at least in my particular corner of it. As I climbed higher I came across patches of snow left over from winter falls. Then it was time to descend and catch the bus home. I had only just left the village when an old dude passing in a pick up stopped to offer me a lift. I jumped in gratefully and a few minutes later he deposited me in the village below. I was now seriously early for the bus so after a poking round the ruins of a nearby castle I returned to the main road and stuck out my thumb. A few minutes later a young guy stopped who spoke perfect English and spent the journey lamenting the current economic woes of his country. He didn’t hang about either and in no time at all he was pulling up right outside my couchsurfers place – much more convenient than the bus.

It was my last night in Thessaloniki so my host to took me out to experience the nightlife. First of all we hit some of the bars and started on the whiskey then the sambuka came out and next thing I know we’re in a taxi heading for a Bouzouki spot, a traditional Greek nightclub.  Around the stage tables are arranged, the occupied ones are piled with bottles and glasses. The band is belting out traditional Greek tunes, and are surprisingly good. They are surrounded by a sea of flowers that the appreciative crowd have thrown at them. There are flowers cascading down from the drum kit and a great mound around the guitarists. The singer is having to kick a path through the blossoms as yet more pink blooms are flung in his direction. It’s all very mad, and strangely beautiful, until you consider the environmental consequences of all those wasted flowers, the tonnes of fertilisers to help them grow and the gallons of pesticide to keep them looking so perfect, never mind the emissions required to transport them – perhaps they were flown in from Africa that morning.  We’d arrived late so all to soon the band finished and we were stumbling out into the night. My host suggested a normal nightclub as a bit of a contrast to the last place. After a bit of a search we piled into a cavernous building. The bass was pumping and beautiful young people were gyrating under the flashing lights. We were just making our way to the bar when the DJ killed the music and so my magical mystery tour of the nightlife of Thessaloniki was over.

Next day I awoke with a killer hangover. A souvlaki and beer for lunch helped but the bus ride to a nearby town wasn’t the best.  At the terminus I left the bus and started walking to the edge of town to find a spot to hitch into the mountains along the border with Albania.  After a slow start I finally got a lift from a chef heading to work, he drops me in the middle of nowhere on a small road at t-junction, another lift comes, and then another and I arrive at my destination just as night is falling.

Northern Greece is beautiful in March. Snow still covers the higher mountains, but the valleys are filled with almond and stone fruit trees all in blossom. It’s thinly populated with small villages and farms. Next day I head deeper into the mountains. I get a series of short lifts from village to village until a young guy drops me at the top of a hillside overlooking a village and there I stay. All afternoon the thin trickle of passing traffic ignores my outstretched thumb. Finally dusk falls and I give up and head back down the hill to the village below to find a spot for the night. As I walk I spot the lights of one last car making it’s way up the twisty mountain road. As it gets nearer I stick out my thumb, without any real hope the occupants would offer  a lift to some nutter wandering down a hillside in the dark. To my surprise they stop and they’re going right to my destination. The lovely couple inside are film makers from Athens on a short holiday who speak perfect English.  They drop me off in the centre of town and suggest a couple of places where I can stay.

Kastoria is a lovely place beside a lake surrounded my mountains. Unfortunately I can’t stay long as time is pressing so after a brief wander around in the morning its back on the road again. I get a lift quickly to the new motorway to Albania, traffic at the junction is very light so I end up hitching on the motorway itself, something that would get you arrested instantly elsewhere in Europe but here nobody seemed to mind and I got a lift straight away from a soldier on leave who was going to visit his family. By chance he was going exactly to Ioannina too and even dropped me right at my couchsurfing hosts front door after phoning him and confirming directions.

My host a recent graduate was one of the many young victims of the Greek crisis. He had been trying to find work for a year and a half. With the unemployment rate at 52% for young people there are many others in a similar circumstances . It is a situation that’s repeated throughout Europe. In the UK it’s 22% and among black males it rises to 50% . Little wonder that without a coherent political alternative capable of channelling the anger and disaffection that this inevitably creates into something more positive that large parts of England erupted into rioting last year.  My host had largely stopped looking for work on a systematic basis. The rejection and hopelessness of it all must be soul destroying.  Instead almost daily he would wander into town to a park by the lake where other young people in a similar situation would gather to juggle, and talk and drink beer, all cheap ways of having fun on a low income.

I had an enjoyable couple of days in Ioannina, my host had plenty of time to show me around. So we visited the old city surrounded by the city walls with a maze of narrow cobbled streets and old stone houses. We continued on into the old fortress and clambered over its crumbling walls. We walked around the lakeside with its collection of cafes and restaurants. It was obviously a slow day as many had no customers at all, although I guess nowadays most days will be slow. The further we walked from the  town more closed down businesses we saw, each one someone’s dream crushed by the crisis. We passed one large complex that had only been half constructed and then abandoned. The roof had been completed but none of the finishing’s, doors or windows added. On our return a couple of police cars were parked outside and a group of illegal immigrants were being arrested. They were in handcuffs whilst the police gathered their pathetic looking collection of belongings in plastic bags. I pondered the injustices of the world where I was free to wander pretty much as I pleased purely due to the fortunate circumstances of my birth while they were forced to sneak across borders and sleep in half built buildings with no windows just to try and get a job to support their families.

Next day I took a boat to a small Island in the lake. There is a cute old stone village, with narrow cobbled streets and no cars. I walked up to the monastery with its ancient wooden door and wandered through the forest in the centre taking shelter from a passing thunderstorm in the doorway of the graveyard caretakers hut. That evening my host took me to visit a squat which had an open evening every Tuesday. It was in a disused university building and had been running for years and was now the operating centre for some social movements. They shared some food with us and we sampled some of their home made moonshine.

Then it was nearly time to leave Greece. I had planned to hitch through the mountains along the old road to the port of Igoumenitsa  a fruitless couple of hours waiting for a lift put paid to that. So I headed back to the motorway assisted by a very kind man who took me miles out of his way around the ring road and delivered me to the exact spot I needed to be. He was planning on emigrating to Australia and wanted to practice his English.  The old fella that took me most of the way to my destination was planning on emigrating too, and in broken English told me about his mates who now drove taxis in Melbourne and Adelaide. He dropped me in the middle of nowhere at the side of the motorway.  I was slightly worried that this might not be the best location to get a ride but it seems that Greeks have no compunction to pulling up on the hard shoulder. A few minutes later I was cramming my bags into a tiny car filled with fishing rods and equipment and within half an hour I was being dropped at the ferry terminal. I bought my ticket for that night’s sailing to Bari, dumped my bags and went to explore the town.

It was a typical port town, not very pretty and rather transitory in feel. I had a coffee and relaxed in the sun. Then went for dinner and stocked up on provision for the next stage of the journey and returned to the terminal to await my boat. It was late. It was scheduled for 9 but didn’t arrive until around midnight. There were hardly any passengers so even though I had only bought a deck ticket there was still plenty of room to find somewhere comfy to spend the night. Rolling out my fleece sleeping bag liner on one of the long sofas in the bar I shoved in my ear plugs and settled down to sleep. Next morning I awoke to the gentle rolling of the boat and was eager to get on the road, but of course our late departure had delayed our arrival so I had to content myself with reading and writing to pass the time. Eventually we did arrive and I hurried off the boat to try my luck at hitching a lift from the lines of cars and trucks that were being disgorged from the hold. All to no avail. Hitching out of a major city is always the hardest part. Most people aren’t going far and it’s often difficult to find a spot where cars can safely spot. Whilst checking the map I’d noticed a motorway services not so far away. These are usually great hitching spots, most vehicles will be going relatively far, the drivers are refreshed and there’s plenty of space for them to pull over.  This was were I was headed, I managed to ask directions to the bus stop and was on my way when a dude on a bicycle pulled up for a chat. He was a Kiwi and was following a similar route to me but going the opposite way. He was the second bike riding Kiwi I had met on this trip. The other was in Turkey. He’d ridden across Australia to Darwin taken the plane to Bali and had pretty much ridden the whole way with a couple of ferries thrown in taking about 2 years to get to Turkey. Respect. I would love to do that journey. One day…..

Conscious that time was slipping away from me a bade the cyclist farewell. After a short bus ride I got off in a tangle of roads and motorway junctions and set off to find the back entrance to the service station I’d spotted on the map. After a few false starts I spotted it running down the side of a building site and was striding confidently towards the restaurant building when I spotted the huge fence surrounding it with no obvious way of passing apart from the staff door. I was contemplating my options when 2 huge dogs came bounding out of nowhere and started trotting towards me barking loudly. I beat a hasty retreat, walked back along the road, climbed over a barbed wire fence, through some thick undergrowth, hopped over  a ditch and clambered up the steep embankment of the motorway. I quickly followed the motorway to the enterance to the services hoping the police didn’t spot me before I got there.

After a bit of a wait I eventually got a lift to Napoli. The old guy who picks me up next stinks of booze and is driving rather erratically. Fortunately he’s only going to the next services and kindly offers to buy me a coffee. My final lift of the day is going all the way to Firenze. It’s nice being in a country where communication is much easier. Using a combination of the French and Spanish that I’ve learnt, their basic English and the translator on my phone we can have a reasonable conversation.  We stop at another services so I can phone the friend I’m staying with in the Sabine hills just outside Rome. They get directions and drop me off at a junction where my friend is waiting to convey me to their cosy retreat.

Refreshed and revitalised after a couple of days hanging out in a beautiful valley surrounded by  orchards I’m on the road again.  Everybody tells me, including most of the drivers that pick me up that hitch hiking is no good in Italy. However it seems easy enough to me, lifts come thick and fast, I even get picked up by two lone women, both young and beautiful. There is something about Italian women…. The biggest problem I encounter is the police. Despite it being about the safest place to stand to attempt to get a lift it is actually illegal to hitch hike from a service station. Although it is the home of the Mafia,  corruption pervades all levels of society and the president procures under age prostitutes its seems like the biggest threat to the safety and security of the nation is a weary traveller trying to get a lift home to see his mum.  They pulled up beside me at a services near Bologna and told me to leave, dismissing my protestations. As I walked off in the direction they indicated they followed slowly behind me and watched me walk through the gate in the high fence that marked the boundary, until they were quite certain I had left the premises.  I surveyed the thick forest around me, it seemed like I was in the middle of nowhere, and contemplated my options as I sat on my bag. I was just finishing my sandwich when a figure came walking towards me. It was a German lorry driver who was parked near my hitching spot and had witnessed my run in with the cops. He hated the police and offered me a lift up the road. I gratefully accepted.

I soon made good progress up almost the entire length of the country. Dusk was falling when I was dropped just outside Torino by an electro band who were off to play a gig in the city. I should have accepted their offer to accompany them if I did a spot of roadying for them, because clearly on a Friday night nobody was heading into France. As it got later and the traffic thinned out even more I gave up for the night, found a secluded tree to shelter under and settled to sleep. Fortunately it was extremely mild for March, as the snow-capped Alps  which the sun had so spectacularly set behind a few hours earlier alluded to the potential for cold.  I awoke before dawn and assumed my position next to the slip road back on to the motorway. All to no avail. After another few hours of fruitless thumbing the police arrived to put me out of my misery and escorted me off the premises. Clearly a change of tactics was in order and I formulated my options as I trudged up the narrow road towards the tiny village in the distance.  I decided to cut my losses and head into Torino and catch the train into France. Using a combination of French and Spanish I established from a mechanic the best way into town and started walking towards the train station he identified.

It seems that paying for a train in Italy is rather optional, there were no ticketing facilities when I reached the station and I wasn’t approached by a guard once I’d boarded the suburban train for the 20 minute journey into the city centre. It also proved very difficult to buy a ticket for France as well. The ticket office at the station I arrived at couldn’t sell me one and directed me to another station.  They had an information office where at least English was spoken but informed me that the tickets could only be purchased online, but couldn’t tell me where the nearest internet cafe was. After wandering fruitlessly for an age I eventually located one in a side street only to discover the last train across the border was departing in a few minutes several miles away.

So I was stuck in Torino for the night. Which proved no bad thing. It’s a beautiful city with lots of amazing Renaissance era buildings but without the crowds of tourists which plague other more famous Italian cities. I spent a pleasant afternoon and evening wandering round the broad cobbled streets and through the narrower lanes of the old city.  I settled down in one of the numerous pavement cafes for an aperatifo and listen to the chamber orchestra performing across the square. Later as night fell I walked down to the river and strolled into a huge piazza for something to eat. The pavement cafes and restaurants were crowded with people doing the things which Italians are so proficient at. Eating, drinking, talking animatedly and looking cool. I found a place recommended in the Lonely Planet. There was no English menu and the waiter couldn’t be bothered to translate even though his English was pretty good. I couldn’t be arsed trying to decipher it using a dictionary either so just ordered at random and was rewarded with a superbly cooked trout washed down with a lovely wine.  Stuffed and a little tipsy I strolled back to my hotel for an early night in preparation for my early start the next day.

The gleaming TGV high speed train arrived punctually and I was soon settling into my comfortable seat. It was easily the most luxurious mode of transport I had taken during my trip. And the most expensive. In a matter of hours we had crossed the whole of France and were soon gliding into Paris. High speed rail is often touted as the sustainable alternative to air travel but as I have discussed previously its huge energy requirements mean that travelling so fast may not be an option in an emissions free world. But what the heck right now I was enjoying the ride. I paused in Paris for a couple of hours and ordered a coffee in my bad school French whilst waiting for my train to Calais.

Although the sun as shining as I wandered along the sea front an icy windy was whipping across the Channel, indicating that England was very near. I was in a contemplative mood as I pondered my last night on foreign soil. After covering over 45000 km in 9 months and passing through 16 countries my journey was nearly over. I’d seen so many beautiful places and met so many beautiful people in what I have to say has been the most amazing year of my life. I feel immensely privileged to have been able to undertake this journey. I’ve learnt so much and feel a totally different person from the one that set out all those months ago, hopefully a better one. I have learnt tolerance and acceptance, been humbled by the dignity with which people come to terms with the hand that life has dealt them. I have laughed, lots. Cried, a little. But most of all I’ve had lots and lots of fun. But the most important thing I’ve learned is that although there are lots of weird and wonderful people in the world when it comes down to it we’re all not really that different after all.

It was with a mixture of excitement and sadness that I boarded the ferry. Feelings which only increased as the white cliffs of Dover hove into sight and I stepped onto British soil for the first time in 5 years. I’d made it!!!